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1、Unit One: Thinking as a HobbyThinkingHobbyWilliam Golding (1911-1993), a remarkable British novelist, is never likely to be remembered for his social portraiture, which is not the essence of his work. He was a writer trained in a grand metaphysical Christianity who could address questions of good an
2、d evil in a corrupted and Godless age. Lord of the Flies (1954)The novel was one of the great novels of the Fifties, yet in no obvious sense was it a Fifties novel; one reviewer would find in Golding a sullen distaste for the contemporary. The novel was an ironic rewriting of the Victorian boys book
3、 tradition. The original story was R. M. Ballantynes The Coral Island (1858), the story of a highly resourceful group of British boys, led by Ralph Rover, who are shipwrecked on an isolated Pacific island, whose lives are threatened by savages but are rescued by a missionary.BackgroundA good liberal
4、 arts education must include good training in logical and critical thinking.You should play with ideas the way you play with balls.Three grades:Grade-three thinking: was no thinking at all, but a combination of ignorance, prejudice and hypocrisy. Most people belong to this category (according to the
5、 author).Grade-two thinking: People can detect the contradictions of grade-three thinkers beliefs. They can see their ignorance, prejudice, hypocrisy and lack of logic, which gives them great delight and satisfies their ego.Grade-two thinking had nothing constructive to offer. It destroys without th
6、e power to create. Therefore the satisfaction it brings the thinker is limited and does not last.Grade-one thinking: People who set out to find the truth and get it.TEXT ORGANIZATIONP1 -p15 Prelude/ IntroductionP16-p24 Grade Three ThinkingP25-p29 Grade Two ThinkingP30-p35 Grade One Thinkingnothing b
7、ut(p2): nothing except;onlyHis parents care nothing but his scores at school.One was a lady wearing nothing but a bath towel. VenusIn Roman mythology, Venus was the goddess of love and beauty. 【罗马神话】 维纳斯：爱情和形体美的女神 In other cultures, she has a more sinister role particularly in Mayan mythology.金星 Acc
8、ording to International Astronomical Union in 2006 in Prague, Czechoslovakia, how many planets are in the solar system?The eight planets now recognized by the IAU are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto was re-classified as a dwarf planet lest (p2):for fear that
9、; in order to make sure that sth. will not happenHe hide behind the curtain lest the professor (should) see him.She turned pale when her son came out of the study lest he (should) have heard what she had said.farther v. further1 Walk farther to see if you can find any flowers under the snow.2 After
10、graduating from Fu Dan University with the bachelor degree, he went abroad to seek further study. be in a position to do sth.:to be able to do sth. because you have the ability, power or moneyI am not in the position to advise you on this matter because I do not know all the facts about it.A naked m
11、an, muscular gentleman, who sat, looking down, with his chin on his fist and his elbow on his knee.Rodins thinkerAuguste Rodin: a French sculptor.His most famous works:The KissThe thinkerA naked man, A learned professor, the wretched lifeOur beloved country, his beloved girlfriend, beloved by all.My
12、 aged parents, a man aged 33.delinquent adj.&n. (p3) : (person, especially the young) doing wrong; failing to perform a dutyjuvenile delinquentdelinquent childrenthe problem of juvenile delinquencyif anything(P4) :on the contraryYour suggestion did not encourage him. It, if anything, discouraged him
13、.He is not known for his generosity. He is, if anything, quite miserly.confront sb.with sth.(vt.) (p24):to oppose sb.or bring sb.to sth.I confronted him with my suspicions, and he admitted everything.(对质)The customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. We must confront the future wi
14、th optimism.（勇敢面对）get sth. to thought(p24)I no longer dismiss lightly a mental process which for nine tenths of the population is the nearest they will ever get to thought.Meaning: I no longer consider the way grade-three thinkers unimportant because they account for nine-tenths of the people and th
15、erefore have great power. Now I know that ignorance, prejudice and hypocrisy are very powerful enemies.stampede v. &n.(Pa.25)The stampede of deer shows that danger is near.At the roar of the tiger, the gang of hunters stampeded. sb into sth / doing sth hustle or frighten sb into rash actionDont be d
16、 into accepting his bargain.confer v. (p25)1 give or grantThe president of this university will confer bachelor degree on you after you complete your four-year study here.2 consult or discussHe conferred with his lawyer on/about the investment project. Convert v. & n.He had to convert his securities into cash so that he could pay off the debt for his son.They have tried to convert him from atheism to Methodist.(他们试图让他从无神论改信卫理公会教。）people converted,esp. to a different beliefHis convert(n.) to soci
