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1、英译汉真题实例考点分析一一替换与重复（参考译文）英译汉passage 1Youve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Orperhaps you never let go of your phoneits always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag,ready to be answered or consulted at a momenfs notice. When your battery life
2、runs down at theend of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well.基础版：你一时忘记把你的手机放在哪里，便焦急万分地回去寻找。或者你从不让你的手机离身，它不是在你的手上，就是在你的口袋里或包里，随时等着你接听电话或查看消息。一天下来，你的手机电量即将耗尽，你感到你的精力也所剩无几。改进版：你一时忘记把手机放在哪里，便焦急万分地掉头寻找。或者你从不让手机离身,手机不是在手上，就是在口袋里或包里，随时等着你接听电话或查看消息。一天下来，手机电量即将耗尽，你感到自己的精力也所剩无几。New research show
3、s that there9s a psychological reason fbr such extreme phone dependence:According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as theteddy bear we clung to in childhood.一项新的研究显示，这种极度依赖手机的现象背后存在心理学方面的原因。依恋理论认为,对我们当中有些人而言，手机的作用和我们幼年时期所依恋的泰迪熊是相同的。Attachment theory propos
4、es that our early life experiences with parents responsible for ourwell-being are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships.基础版：依恋理论认为，儿时，父母照顾我们的身心健康，而这种生活经历是我们依恋与自己形成亲密关系的成年人的根本原因。改进版：依恋理论认为，儿时，父母照顾我们的身心健康，而正是源于这种生活经历，我们会依恋与自己形成亲密关系的成年人。Importantly, attachme
5、nt in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example,serve as transitional objects. The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend ourdependence on parents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense ofself.很重要的一点是，幼年时期的依恋会延伸到无生命物体上。举例来
6、说，泰迪熊就是“过渡性客体”。泰迪熊与父母不同的是，它始终在那里。我们把对照料者的依恋转移到这些玩具动物身上，利用它们帮助自己形成自我独立意识。A cell phone has the potential to be a compensatory attachment” object.手机有可能成为一种“补偿性依恋”物品。Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence thatsupports the idea that healthy, normal ad
7、ults also report significant emotional attachment tospecial objects.虽然手机经常因为可能致人上瘾而饱受批评，但科学家也援引证据指出，“健康、正常的成年人也会对特定物品表现出极大的情感依恋”。Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone usersexceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or
8、 smartphone use in theU.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People also like to be near their phones: A 2013 survey cited by theHungarian team reports that 79 percent of users keep their phones with them. Nearly as manypeople report being distressed when they,re separated from their phone. Phones have distinct
9、advantages. They can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people youcare about. Even if youre not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photosclose by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them in real timebut also lo
10、ok back on memorable moments together. These channels help you feel less alone”.确实，手机在我们生活中无处不在：手机用户数量已经超过了全球总人口。在美国，人们每天花在移动电话或智能手机上的平均时间为3.3小时。人们也习惯将手机放在身边：匈牙利团队引用的一项2013年的调查报告显示，有79%的人会将手机带在身边，还有差不多相同比例的人表示，手机不在身边时，他们会感到沮丧。手机有着显而易见的优点。它可以随身携带，让你与自己关心的人保持社会联系。即使不跟朋友、恋人或家人面对面交谈，你也可以通过手机随身保存他们的照片，浏览
11、他们的信息，在社交媒体上关注他们。你可以实时关注他们，也可以回忆与他们一起度过的难忘瞬间。这些渠道会让你觉得“不那么孤单”。英译汉Passage 2Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environmentdeterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health educationserves as a viable role for ever
12、y member in the world. But some argue that its a vague idea andsome organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is thenature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlookthe local customs, habitude and people.许多国家都采取了可持续
13、发展原则。该原则可以让发展中国家应对空气质量、水质和生产等方面的环境恶化问题。卫生教育对世界各国而言都是切实可行的。但有人认为，可持续发展是一个模糊的概念，一些组织可能利用这一概念来谋求其自身利益，将所有环境和经济问题都变成利益问题。还有人认为，发展中国家的可持续发展没有顾及当地的风俗、习惯和民情。There are many countries around the world adopting the principle of sustainable development.When put into practice, it helps combat environmental dete
14、rioration in air quality, water qualityand terrestrial control.At the same time, its practice maintains habitat diversity, and it also helpsimprove poverty situations, controls over consumption and improves health and education.世界上许多国家都采取了可持续发展原则。实施可持续发展有助于应对空气质量、水质与陆域控制等方面的环境恶化问题。同时，还可以维持生活环境多样性，帮助
15、改善贫困状况，控制消费，改善卫生和教育状况。Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition andindependence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a countrys economic vitality whilepotentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weaponsindust
16、ry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state forarmaments can be fatal.在和平年代，各国之间需要相互依存，而在战争时期，各国又必须彼此竞争、谋求独立。设置关税和限制进口的措施可增强本国的经济活力，同时亦可削弱敌国经济。另外，在此种形势下，在军工产业实施贸易保护主义极为必要，因为依赖别国供应武器可能会带来致命后果。（第一句也可直译为:在和平年代，相互依存很必要,而在战争时期，竞争和独立成为必然。）For the most part, economists emphasize the negative eff
