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1、高三英语阅读技巧专题讲练细节理解题1.事实细节题的设问特点 常以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等词提问。以是非true /false, not true / false或EXCEPT等词提问。 2正确选项的特点 正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。常用方法就是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言（词汇和结构）改头换面，来表达相同的意思。 3干扰选项的特点 1）无中生有：凭空捏造原文不存在的细节，以迷惑和干扰考生。2）常识干扰：干扰项是一些基本常识和我们对社会、生活等方面一些问题的一般看法和认识，虽然符合客观现实，但并非文章所提及的。3) 偷
2、梁换柱：这是细节题干扰项最常见的方法。干扰项利用了原文的一部分结构和词汇，但在一些位置换掉个别词，造成了语义的变化。解题思路：1）返回原文。每一个选项都应力争返回原文，不能通过印象进行判断。首先要找出文中哪一部分与其相关 ,同时要在文中找出一个词、一个句子、甚至是一组句子来直接或间接证实自己的选择,切不可用与文章无关的细节来作为证据。2）对于比较直接的细节题，有时不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取 “带着问题找答案”的方法先从问题中抓住关键性词语, 然后以此为线索，要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节。特别提示：细节题中，选项在意思上与原文相同的，才是正确的, 而不一定是与原文几乎一字不差的。举例说明（四川
3、）50. The author decided to write a novel _.A. to finish the writing courseB. to realize her own dreamC. to satisfy readers wishD. to earn more money原文：I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel.举例说明（江西）66. What is the aim of Big Br
4、others Big Sisters?A. To offer students public services.B. To help students improve their grades.C. To organize sport activities for young people.D. To provide partnership and fun for young people.原文：Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship. It is a program which p
5、rovides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 7-17) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.举例说明（湖南）57. The authors inspiration for the gift came from _.A. a photo of a flowerB. a story about a kidC. a call from the motherD. a text about Chr
6、istmas原文：My eyes fell on a photo of a flower taken in Wyoming, and underneath a poem by William Blake. The flower, a lone dandelion standing against the bright blue sky, inspired me.举例说明（天津）41. What activity was organized for the school reunion?A. Sightseeing in the park.B. A picnic on the school pl
7、ayground.C. Telling stories about past events.D. Graduates reports in the old building.原文：Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hand
8、to tell stories about the old days.举例说明（福建）63. What made “I” finally think of getting a cell phone?A. Being stuck by the highway.B. Being urged by his grandkids.C. Being persuaded by cell phone sales persons.D. Being attracted by the friendly return policy.原文：I finally decided to enter the digital a
9、ge and get a cell phone. My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down, and I was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help.猜测词义类 词义/句义猜测题：这是一种从阅读材料中挑出的单词或短语，并重新解释的题型。这类词语一般具有以下特点：与文章主旨密切相关；语言文字或语法结构上有一定难度，不易理解；在特定上下文中有特殊含义。1. 词义/句义猜测题的设问特点 标志：在题干中
10、明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要求辨别其意思。关键词是：The word “” refers to 2. 正确选项的特点 1）对于超纲词汇的正确解释，如果将它带回原文，则符合逻辑，使文章通顺易懂。 2）对于未超纲的词或短语的正确解释，往往是熟词新义，是根据上下文推测的一个特定场合的含义。3. 干扰项的特点 1）字面意思：对于熟悉的词，干扰项会列出它的字面意思或常规含义。2）无关意思：除了字面意思，出题人还常用凭空杜撰出来的其它意思来干扰考生，但只要将此意思带入原文，不符合逻辑就能够排除。4解题思路： 1) 返回原文,结合上下文,理解该词的意思2） 搜索时应注意同位语，特殊标点，定语从句，（表
11、示上下文之间的逻辑关系）关键提示词，及前后缀，特别注意找出其中和生词处于同一位置的词去推测。特别提示：1）不管这个词多超纲,根据上下文都能得出其意思。 2）不管这个词多熟悉,都要通过上下文得出其在特定场合的意思。举例说明（全国II）46. What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The boat.B. The wind.C. The sail. D. The angle.In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat, it shou
12、ld be at a 45 degree angle to the boat. It needs to be out enough to catch the wind, but it shouldnt flap (摆动).What does the underlined phrase “juvenile obesity” mean?A. Adult education. B. Childhood overweight.C. Parents influence. D. Growing pains.Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to ju
13、venile obesity than under-exercising or overeating.Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big influence upon a childs weight, with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.举例说明（四川）65. What does the underlined sente
14、nce in the last paragraph mean?A. The change of seasons is easily felt.B. The seasons make the scenes change.C. The weather often changes in the forest.D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow an
15、d red in the fall and note the poplars (杨树) putting out the first green leaves of spring. 67. According to the passage, the underlined word “bullying” is closest in meaning to“_”.A. helpingB. punishingC. hurtingD. protecting Parents who find older children bullying younger brothers and sisters might do well to replace shouting and punishment by rewarding and giving more attention to the injured ones. Its certainly much easier and
