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1、 TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情？ 简介：人有了钱就会变坏?社会心理学家paul piff通过操纵大富翁游戏做了一个有趣的实验，测试人们感到富有时会如何表现。i want you to, for a moment, think about playing a game of monopoly, except in this game, that combination of skill, talent and luck that help earn you success in games, as in life, has been rendered irrelevant, because th
2、is games been rigged, and youve got the upper hand. youve got more money, more opportunities to move around the board, and more access to resources. and as you think about that experience, i want you to ask yourself, how might that experience of being a privileged player in a rigged game change the
3、way that you think about yourself and regard that other player?so we ran a study on the u.c. berkeley campus to look at exactly that question. we brought in more than 100 pairs of strangers into the lab, and with the flip of a coin randomly assigned one of the two to be a rich player in a rigged gam
4、e. they got two times as much money. when they passed go, they collected twice the salary, and they got to roll both dice instead of one, so they got to move around the board a lot more. (laughter) and over the course of 15 minutes, we watched through hidden cameras what happened. and what i want to
5、 do today, for the first time, is show you a little bit of what we saw. youre going to have to pardon the sound quality, in some cases, because again, these were hidden cameras. so weve provided subtitles. rich player: how many 500s did you have? poor player: just one.rich player: are you serious. p
6、oor player: yeah.rich player: i have three. (laughs) i dont know why they gave me so much.paul piff: okay, so it was quickly apparent to players that something was up. one person clearly has a lot more money than the other person, and yet, as the game unfolded, we saw very notable differences and dr
7、amatic differences begin to emerge between the two players. the rich player started to move around the board louder, literally smacking the board with their piece as he went around. we were more likely to see signs of dominance and nonverbal signs, displays of power and celebration among the rich pl
8、ayers.we had a bowl of pretzels positioned off to the side. its on the bottom right corner there. that allowed us to watch participants consummatory behavior. so were just tracking how many pretzels participants eat.rich player: are those pretzels a trick?poor player: i dont know.pp: okay, so no sur
9、prises, people are onto us. they wonder what that bowl of pretzels is doing there in the first place. one even asks, like you just saw, is that bowl of pretzels there as a trick? and yet, despite that, the power of the situation seems to inevitably dominate, and those rich players start to eat more
10、pretzels.rich player: i love pretzels.(laughter)pp: and as the game went on, one of the really interesting and dramatic patterns that we observed begin to emerge was that the rich players actually started to become ruder toward the other person, less and less sensitive to the plight of those poor, p
11、oor players, and more and more demonstrative of their material success, more likely to showcase how well theyre doing. rich player: i have money for everything. poor player: how much is that? rich player: you owe me 24 dollars. youre going to lose all your money soon. ill buy it. i have so much mone
12、y. i have so much money, it takes me forever. rich player 2: im going to buy out this whole board. rich player 3: youre going to run out of money soon. im pretty much untouchable at this point.pp: okay, and heres what i think was really, really interesting, is that at the end of the 15 minutes, we a
13、sked the players to talk about their experience during the game. and when the rich players talked about why they had inevitably won in this rigged game of monopoly - (laughter) they talked about what theyd done to buy those different properties and earn their success in the game, and they became far
14、 less attuned to all those different features of the situation, including that flip of a coin that had randomly gotten them into that privileged position in the first place. and thats a really, really incredible insight into how the mind makes sense of advantage.now this game of monopoly can be used
15、 as a metaphor for understanding society and its hierarchical structure, wherein some people have a lot of wealth and a lot of status, and a lot of people dont. they have a lot less wealth and a lot less status and a lot less access to valued resources. and what my colleagues and i for the last seve
16、n years have been doing is studying the effects of these kinds of hierarchies. what weve been finding across dozens of studies and thousands of participants across this country is that as a persons levels of wealth increase, their feelings of compassion and empathy go down, and their feelings of entitlement, of deservingness, and their ideology of self-interest increases. in surveys, we found t
