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1、第七讲非谓语在写作中的运用众所周知 , 作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅使句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意明。一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句1他对这个事故一无所知，他像往常一样去上班。He didn t know anything about the accident 。He went to work as usual.Not knowing anything about the accident，he went to work as usual
2、.(现在分词作状语)2被邀请来参加晚会的大多数艺术家都来自于那所大学.Many artists were invited to the party。Most of them were from that university。Most of the artists invited to the party were from that university。( 过去分词作定语 )3他又抄袭了。他受到了老师的惩罚。He copied again。It made him punished by the teacher。His copying again made him punished by t
3、he teacher。( 动名词作主语）4我们应该关心老年人的精神健康。我们认为这很重要。We should care for the mental health of the old.We think it is critical。We think it critical to care for the mental health of the old.（不定式作真正主语）5我们应该如何提高我们的英语口语水平？这是个问题。How should we improve our spoken English？It is a question.How to improve our spoken En
4、glish is a question.(不定式短语作主语)The question is how to improve our spoken English.（不定式短语作表语)二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句1这里曾有一家大型化肥厂, 它每天释放出大量有毒气体, 污染环境。There was a large factory，which produced fertilizer.Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas,which polluted the environment.There was a large factory， which pr
5、oduced fertilizer.Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas，polluting the environment.(现在分词作状语 )简析: “原句”中分别由which引导两个定语从句, 重复且单调，将第二个定语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后, 不仅表达多样 , 而且言简意赅。2当我们赶到校门口时, 已经 8 点了。我们见到老师时，不得不为迟到而向她道歉。When we got to the school gate it was eight。 When we saw our teacher,we had to say sorry
6、for our being late。When we got to the school gate it was eight。Seeing our teacher， we had to say sorry for our being late.(现在分词作状语 )简析: “原句”中有两个由连词when 引导的状语从句, 将第二个状语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后 , 就避免了“原句中重复使用同类从句的问题.3我们认为遵守交通规则是每个人的责任。同时我们认为有必要从小学习遵守交通规则。We think it is everyones duty that we should obey traffi
7、c rules and we also think it is necessary that we should learn traffic rules when we are young。We think it is everyones duty that we should obey traffic rules and we also think it is necessary to learn traffic rules when we are young。( 不定式作真正的主语)简析：“原句 中先后出现两个从句，冗长、累赘、难读。而采用动词不定式替换第二句中的从句后，言简意明.4由于老
8、师的帮助，我英语进步了。因为我英语进步了，我相信我能考上更好的大学。Because my teacher helps me，my English has greatly improved。Because my English has greatly improved,I m sure I will go to a better university.With my teacher helping me,my English has greatly improved。Because my English has greatly improved，Im sure I will go to a be
9、tter university.（ with复合结构作状语）简析：“原句”两处重复出现由because 引导的从句，读起来很别扭。换用“with 现在分词的复合结构 后, 读起来给人的感觉大不一样。5为了赶上同班同学, 李东不遗余力地学习。为了好好学习，他从不玩电脑游戏。Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates.He never plays computer games so that he can learn better。Li Dong spares no effort to
10、study so that he can catch up with his classmates.He never plays computer games so as to learn better.(不定式作状语）简析：“原句 两处重复使用so that引导的目的状语从句，换用不定式作状语后, 殊途同归，但效果好多了. 另外，此处的so as to learn better也可以用介词短语with the purpose of learning better作目的状语。三、运用非谓语动词转换短文北京市有大量的出租车司机，他们每天全心全意地为乘客服务, 对北京市的交通发挥着重要作用。他们起
11、早贪黑，赚钱养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上，但当我和司机同志联系上之后, 他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门口, 让我感动不已。一般表达：There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing。They serve passengers heart and soul。 They play an important part in the traffic of Beijing。 They make some money.They work from dawn till night。One day， I left my cellphon
12、e in the taxi I took.I got in touch with the driver。He drove to my home and gave it back to me.I was very excited.高级表达 :There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing，serving passengers heart and soul and playing an important part in the traffic of Beijing。 In order to make some money to suppor
13、t their families,they work from dawn till night.One day ， I got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cellphone left in the taxi I took.On hearing what had happened, the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cellphone back to me.Seeing my cellphone again， I was too excited to sa
14、y a word。. 运用非谓语动词转换简单句1There is a big dog.The dog is tied to a fence outside the house。_2The path in the park looked beautiful.The path was covered with fallen leaves 。_3She was a nurse。She knew how to take care of a patient._4People are talking about the new play.The new play will be put on in two
15、 weeks._5The man was seated in the chair.He asked me to be seated。_【答案】 1.There is a big dog tied to a fence outside the house。2The path in the park looked beautiful， covered with fallen leaves。3。Being a nurse ，she knew how to take care of a patient. 4。People are talking about the new play to be put
16、 on in two weeks。5.The man seated in the chair asked me to be seated 。运用非谓语动词转换复合词1When we arrived at the company， we were shown around the workshops first.When we were talking to the employees， we found it was necessary that we should learn a foreign language。_,we were shown around the workshops first.When we were talking to the employees， we found _。2I took part in the meeting, which was held in Beijing last Friday。It was very instructive， which was hosted by a manager who came to our company
