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1、名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载Unit 1 Good Friends虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不肯定是事实，或与事实相反；假如不是表达那些意思的话是不用到虚拟语气的例如:It is strange that he had made a mistake.古怪的是他犯了一个错误；这是一个陈述句，就是陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点古怪；It is strange that he should have made a mistake.他竟然犯了一个错误，真令人古怪；这是虚拟语气，说话者是在批评
2、他本不应当犯错；It is/was形容词 /名词 that 主语从句多数情形下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求，命令或者批评， 但是假如只是表示陈述一个事实而不是剧烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气；以下为词典原句 :不过考试作文中建议你仍是多用虚拟语气 It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.真惋惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了；It is a pity that he lost so much money.他缺失这麽多钱，真是遗憾；He was a very brave man and it is surprising that he lived
3、so long.他是一个特别英勇的人，而令人诧异的是他活得那麽长命；It is strange that nobody knows where he lives .真古怪，谁也不知道他住在哪里；附：虚拟语气用在主语从句中有以下几种情形：1.在句型It is important necessary, strange, impossible, natural that . 中， that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should +动词原形；如：Its necessary that we should have a walk now.我们有必要出去散漫步；Its natural that she s
4、hould do so.她这样做是很自然的；Its important that we should take good care of the patient.重要的是我们要照管好病人；2.在句型 It is a pity a shame, no wonder, better that . 中， that后面的从句中的谓语动词用 : should +动词原形；如：It was a great pity that you should have made so many mistakes in your mathexercise.太遗憾了，你竟然在数学练习中犯了那么多错误It will be
5、better that she stay with her grandmother.她和她的祖母在一起就好了； 第 1 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载3.在句型 It is suggested requested, proposed, ordered that . 中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should +动词原形；如：It was suggested that the sports meet be put off until next Saturday.
6、大家建议把运动会推迟到下星期六；It is desired that we should get everything ready by tonight.期望我们到今晚将一切预备就绪；It was ordered that the medicine be sent there by plane.命令立刻用飞机把药送往那里.个人认为上面的第3 种情形基本都要用虚拟语气，由于这里都是表示命令或要求，而第 1 和第 2 两种就视说话者要表达的意思打算；一、语法Direct and Indirect Speech1直接引语和间接引语1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整；eg: I br
7、oke your CD player.一般过去时改成过去完成时 He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said,I have lost a book.现在完成时改成过去完成时 Jenny said she had lost a book.Mum said,I ll go to see a friend.一般将来时改成过去将来时 Mum said she would go to see a friend.He said,We hadnt finished our homework.过去完成时保留原有的时态 He said they hadnt f
8、inished their homework.留意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变；2. 在直接引语变间接引语时，假如从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要依据主句中主语的人称变化；如：Mary said,My brother is an engineer. 第 2 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载Mary said her brother was and engineer.3. 直接引语假如是反意疑问句，挑选疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改
9、为由whether或if 引导的宾语从句；如：He said,Can you run, Mike.He asked Mike whether/if he could run.4. 直接引语假如是祈使句，间接引语应改为“ tellask, order, beg等 sb not to do sth”句型；如：Pass me the water, please.said he. He asked him to pass her the water.5. 直接引语假如是以“ Lets 开头”的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“ suggest+ 动名词或从句 ”的结构；如：She said,Let s
10、go to the cinema.She suggested going to the cinema.或 She suggested that they should go to the cinema.二、聚焦高频考点1. 倒装句型：前句为确定句，后句用so+ 谓语 + 主语，意为 “某人也”；如：She likes dogs. So do I.前句为否定句，后句用neither/nor+谓语 + 主语，意为 “某人也不”；如：The girl has no brothers or sisters. Neither/Nor have I. 2.lonely, alone和 lonealone=
11、by oneself, without otherslonely=unhappy because one is always away from his family or friends， “孤独地”“孤寂的 ”，示意主观上的“孤独 ”“孤寂 ”，期望有伴；也可以表示“地方的荒芜 ”；lone也有 “孤独的，孤单单的一个”，作定语；eg: Im alone but Im not lonely. 第 3 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载I can see only on
12、e lone star in the cloudy sky.leave sth alone表示 “不去理睬，不要去管某事”；如：Leave me alone.别理我 .Let alone更“不用说 ”；如：He cant speak Japanese, let alone write it.作形容词时， alone不能与 very连用 , 而与 much连用，即说 much alone或 very muchalone或 all alone；而 lonely可与 very连用： very lonely. 3.treat sb. as .把某人当作来对待The old man treated th
13、e orphan as his own son.“把某人看作”有以下几种说法：regard sb as .=consider sb as .=think of sb as .“把误当作”: take . for .如：People sometimes take a rope for a snake.4.care about表示 “关怀，计较，在乎”，一般用于否定句；如：I dont care about going to the cinema.care for表示 “关怀，照管，喜爱”，如：She cared more for new clothes than for anything els
14、e. 5.make friends with sb.和人交伴侣；如：We have made a lot of friends with the different people all over the world.6. hunt for竭“力查找 ”，在很多情形下，look for与 search for或 hunt for互换；如：I hunted for the missing book everywhere.be after表示 “搜寻 ”“查找 ”的状态，不指详细的动作；如：Thats what I am after.7. such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，有时可与like互换，但such as用于列举时可分开使用；而forexample一般只举同类人或物中的“一个 ”为例，作插入语，用逗 第 4 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料
