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1、名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -高一英语必修一语法要点一一般现在时1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特点、性格、才能等例如： I am a girl.2. 表示习惯性、常常性的动作 例如： I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 标志性的词语Always often sometimesnow and then4. 如助于为第三人称单数（he she it ）就动词要用单三现二现在进行时 1说话时正在进行的动作例如： I am reading.2.表示即将发生的动作，多用于gocome start leave
2、return arrive stay fly等词语之中，句子中常常有时间状语例 如 ： The plane is going to Beijing. 3.当句子中显现了always、forever、constantly、continually、 All the time等例如： I am always thinking of you.三倍数比较1.A+系动词 +倍数词+as+ adj adv的原型 +as+B例如： The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系动词 +倍数词+adjadv的比较级 +than+B例如： The class is twic
3、e bigger than that class.3.A+系动词 +倍数词+the sizeamount数量engthwidthheightdepth+of+B 第 1 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -例如： The class is twice the size of that class.四With 的复合结构1With+ 宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语依据规律意义的不同可以是不同的词语，如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等，with在复合结构中常作状语2. 常用结构
4、1 with+ 宾语+doing表主动与进行例如： Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him. 2 with+ 宾语+done表被动与完成例如： With all things she need bought,she went home. 3 with+宾语+to do表将来例如： With so many thing to deal with.五现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1基本表达式（I have been doing）I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been
5、 doing sth.2表示从过去某时开头始终连续到现在的动作，并且仍将连续下去；The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中国有 2000 年的造纸历史；（动作仍将连续下去）I have been learning English since three years ago.自从三年前以来我始终在学英语；（动作仍将连续下去）3表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作；We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了 人仍没到，犹如在电话里说的，仍会连续等
6、4有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子；例如： They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了10 年了； 第 2 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years.我在这里已经工作五年了；5大多数现
7、在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子； 例如： I have been writing a book.（动作仍将连续下去）我始终在写一本书；I have written a book.（动作已经完成）我已经写了一本书；They have been building a bridge.他们始终在造一座桥；They have built a bridge.他们造了一座桥； 6表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时；例如： I have known him for years.我熟悉他已经好几年了；I have been knowing.这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词仍有：love爱， lik
8、e喜爱， hate厌恶，等；留意：比较过去时与现在完成时 1过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯表达过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响；2过去常常与详细的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语；一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now,详细的时间状语共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight,this April, now, once， before, already, recently， lately现在完成时的
9、时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just,yet, till / until,up to now, in past years, always,不确定的时间状语3现在完成时可表示连续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是连续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 第 3 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -过去常常用的非连续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, beco
10、me, get married等；例如： I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了；）I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了；）Why did you get up so early.（强调起床的动作已发生过了；）Who hasnt handed in his paper.（强调有卷子，可能为不公正竞争；）She has returned from Paris.她已从巴黎回来了；She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了；He has been in the League for three y
11、ears. 在团内的状态可连续He has been a League member for three years. 是团员的状态可连续He joined the League three years ago. 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为； I have finished my homework now.-Will somebody go and get Dr. White.-Hes already been sent for.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week, in1960 ）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时；（错） Tom has writt
12、en a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六过去完成时 1概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had + 过去分词构成；那时以前那时现在2用法a. 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句；She said that she had never been to Paris.b. 状语从句 第 4 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品word资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
13、 - -在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时；When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等，用过去完成时表示 原本，未能We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.3过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until, when, after,once,as soon as ；例如： He said that he had
14、learned some English before.By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.Tom was disappointedthatmost oftheguestshad leftwhen he arrivedat the party.七现在完成进行时1其构成形式如下：I / we / they have been +动词的现在分词He / she / it has been +动词的现在分词功用如下：2表示一个在过去开头而在最近刚刚终止的行动，如：Ann is very tired. She has been working
