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1、全文可编辑word文档 页眉与背景水印可删除【考研英语】2021年3月上海同济大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Many species, for example, originate in small populations. A、轮廓； B、发源 C、器官 D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate vi. 发源；发生；起航。第2题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year,” one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dism
2、ay, half in frustration. A、“年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 B、“这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D、“这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第3题【单选题】The country was
3、a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness. A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。 B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫困和黑暗。 C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。 D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查
4、的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，“country”并不是“国家”，而是指“农村”。第4题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass m
5、edium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.The word “bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something_. A、religious B、unpleasant C、en
6、tertaining D、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 B。词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(surrounded by reminders of misery)。段落最后一句话：given all this, they did not need their art to be a bummer too.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一
7、个bummer”，由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第5题【单选题】 We can go to the cinema then. _. A、So we can. B、So can we C、Nor can we D、neither we can【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：然后我们能去看电影。我们的确能去。so在“so主语be动词助动词情态动词”的陈述结构中，则表示赞同，意为“确实；的确如此”，对前文所叙述的情况起强调作用，前后两句主语相同。 第6题【单选题】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural e
8、conomy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has gen
9、erally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industria
10、lized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_. A、can be an advantage B、may limit income C、isnt necessary D、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。对照本段In a traditional agricultural economy, large
11、 families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A，成为一个优势，答案是A。第7题【单选题】The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-network
12、ing sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate? A、Setting guidelines for advertising on websites. B、Formulating reg
13、ulations for social-networking sites. C、Banning the sharing of users personal information. D、Removing ads from all social-networking sites.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 B。事实细节题。由题干中的Senator Charles Schumer 和advocate定位到本段第2、3句。本段指出，四月，国会议员查理斯?舒默要求脸谱网更改其隐私条款，并同时督促联邦贸易委员会制定出社交网站的指导方针。由此可见，议员主张政府制定法律对社交网站进行指导。B中的for
14、mulating regulations是原文中set guidelines 的同义转换，故为答案。C“禁止共享用户个人信息”，文中只提到查理斯?舒默号召脸谱网更改其隐私条款，但并未说明是否禁止共享用户个人信息，可以排除。A和D在文中均未提及。第8题【单选题】Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies dont rely
15、on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is _. A、disorganized data collection B、overlapping database building C、excessive sample comparision D、lack of patent evaluation【正确答案】A【
