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1、全文可编辑word文档 页眉与背景水印可删除【考研英语】2021年8月北京交通部公路科学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local village. This farm will be a model for the local villag
2、ers so they can start their very own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farm _. A、is difficult to build B、is a type of farm without soil C、will cost lots of money D、was started in the village
3、 before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本段。再通过排除法可以判定B项是正确的。因为A和C表述的内容文章并没有提到过。D项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponics farm。是他们到了之后，帮忙建立了一个模型。第2题【单选题】How do we fix this problem?It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system, remove the pressure for primary care p
4、hysicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally(最佳地) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked
5、 difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care? A、Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians. B、Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases. C、Recruit more medical stu
6、dents by offering them loans. D、Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 A。事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和provide better health care 定位于第2段。文章第2段介绍的是改善基础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学
7、贷款，使基础护理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医生之间工资存在的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A项。第3题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged _ these for a sight-seeing. A、us from going B、us to go C、our going D、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说“鼓励某人做某事”时使用encourage sb. to do sth.，但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某
8、事”时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb. to do sth.，这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.。第4题【单选题】Many species, for example, originate in small populations. A、轮廓； B、发源 C、器官 D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate vi. 发源；发生；起航。第5题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality. A、scatter B、separate C、refo
9、rm D、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach 分离；派遣；使超然；separate 分开；隔开；分居。第6题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the United Kingdom. A、dispute B、issue C、lump D、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate 辩论；辩论会；dispute 辩论；争吵。第7题【单选题】Somewhere around puberty (发育；青春期), something happens in the timing of t
10、he biological clock. (2)The clock pushes forward, so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you its time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could b
11、e pushing you to stay up even later.What is implied in the second paragraph? A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that of the teenagers. B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the biological clock. C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep e
12、arlier at night than adolescents. D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock pushes forward（推动）, so adolescents（青年） and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. 的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为C。第8
13、题【单选题】The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination. A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。 B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。 C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。 D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【
14、正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。“standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞“gentleman”，译成汉语可放在句首。“a far cry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very different experience from sth/doing sth与某事物做某事物大不相同。“wolf”是狼的意思，“sea wolf”在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪”比较贴切。第9题【单选题】“Who should go to see Li Ying He is ill today.”“I suggest Wa
15、ng Hong _.” A、goes B、would go C、go D、went【正确答案】C【答案解析】suggest在本句中意思是：建议。此时suggest后面的从句需要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should动词原形的形式，should可以省略。所以答案是C。第10题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。 B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。 C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。 D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第11题【单选题】Excessive weight gain does
