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1、课时作业(八)必修Unit2Language.阅读理解A2021济宁市质量检测Onthesummerof1995, asecondyeargraduatestudentnamedSergeyBrinwasgivingatourofStanfordUniversitytoprospectivestudents.LarryPage, anengineeringgraduatefromtheUniversityofMichigan, wasoneofthosebeingshownaroundthecampus.“Webothfoundeachotherobnoxiousandannoyingwith
2、strongopinionsaboutthings，”saidBrin.“Butwesaiditalittlebitjokingly.Obviously, wespentalotoftimetalkingtoeachother, sotherewassomethingthere.”Thetechnologyofthewebatthetimemeantthatpeoplecouldtellwhereawebpagelinkedtojustbyreadingitscode.However, togetacompletelistofeverypagetowhichitlinked, theyneed
3、edtocheckeveryotherwebsiteontheInternet.Pages“BackRub”projectaimedtoqualifythesebacklinks (反向链接).Itwasacomplextaskthatnotonlydemandedvastcomputingresources, butalsorequiredextremelycomplexmathematics, whichwaswherethemathgeniusBrincamein.Later, PageandBrincameupwiththePageRankalgorithmarankingsystem
4、whichwouldprovetobeabreakthroughidea.Andthen, BackRubbecameGoogle, aplayontheterm“googol”，meaning“10100”.Thesystemsuccessfullyenableduserstosearchall24millionpagesstoredinitsdatabase.OnSeptember15,1997, Gwasregistered.InAugust1998, itgotitsfirstfundingintheformofacheckfor$100000writtenbyAndyBechtols
5、heim, cofounderofSunMicrosystems, to“GoogleInc”.Butstillthereweretroubles.Laterthatmonth, PageandBrinmovedintothegarage (车库) offriendSusanWojcicki (nowtheCEOofYouTube), andreceivedfurtherinvestmentfromAmazonfounderJeffBezos, amongothers.Earlyin1999, PageandBrinattemptedtosellGoogletoExcite, atthetim
6、etheNo.2searchenginebehindYahoo, foronemilliondollars.However, evenafterthepairhadbeentalkeddownto$750000, ExciteCEOGeorgeBellrejectedthem.Withnobuyerinsight, GooglestartedhiringengineersandmovedtoanofficeinCaliforniainMarch1999.In2001, EricSchmidtwashiredfirstaschairmanandthenCEO, leavingPageandBri
7、ntocontinuedevelopingGooglesproductsandtechnologiesrespectively.Bytheendofitsfirstdecade, Googlehadeffectivelywonthesearchenginewars.1Accordingtothearticle, whatcanwelearnaboutLarryPageandSergeyBrin?ATheyfirstmeteachotherwhenstudyingatStanford.BTheyfoundtheirfirstencounterratherunpleasant.CTheyhadno
8、intentionofrunningabusinessinitially.DTheygotfinancialsupportfromStanfordtoworkontherankingsystem.2Paragraphs4to5mainlytalkabout_.AwhatmotivatedPagetolaunchthe“BackRub”projectBhowthe“BackRub”projectledtothefoundingofGoogleChowthePageRankalgorithmworkedDhowBrinjoinedPageincarryingoutthe“BackRub”proje
9、ct3Accordingtothearticle, whodidNOTmakeaninvestmentinGoogle?AndyBechtolsheim.SusanWojcicki.JeffBezos.GeorgeBell.ABCD4Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?ATheInternet: howitchangedtheworldBGiantGoogle: howitbeatExciteandYahooCExciteCEOregrettedforrefusingthebestofferDGoogleat20: howtwostudentschangedt
10、heInternetB2021山西省高三第一次模拟Inaworldwherenearly6millionfingerprintrecordsofgovernmentemployeesarestoleninonecomputerhack (非法入侵), andheremillionsofpeoplearevictimsofidentitythefteveryyear, thenextstepincybersecuritymaywellbemappingyourbrain.ResearchersatBinghamtonUniversity, StateUniversityofNewYorkarew
11、orkingonabiometric (生物特征识别的) systemthatrecordshowyourbrainreactstocertainimages.Withalittlemorepolishing, thescientistsbrainchildcouldbecomethewayyougetintoasafedepositbox, yourofficeorpastscannersattheairport.Itcouldreplacethepasswordforyouronlinebanking, youremailoryoursocialmediaaccounts.Theystar
12、tedtheirprojectbymeasuringthebrainwavesof30subjects.Thesubjectswerefittedwithacapthathad30electrodes (电极) attachedtoit, andthenshownvariousimagesandsymbolscelebrityfaces, words, picturesoffoodonacomputerscreenin200millisecondbursts.Thebrainsreactionwasrecorded.Theideaisthateverytimeapersonneedstouse
13、a“password”，heorshegoesthroughthesameprocedure, andtheresultsarematchedwiththeirfirsttimereaction.Ifthe“brainprint”iscompromisedlikewhathappenedwiththefingerprintrecordsthenthesystemismerelyresetbyrunninganothersetofimagesandcollectingadifferentsetofbrainwaves.“Evenifthatwasstolen, youcouldjustcance
14、litandrecordonetosomethingelse”，saysprofessorLaszlo.Laszloandherteamhaveshownthattheirsystemcanbe100percentaccurate.Sooneofthemoredifficultpartsofmakingthesystempracticalalreadyhasbeenovercome.Now, theyrespendingmuchtimerecordingaccuratebrainprintswithasfewasthreeelectrodes, whichcouldmakerecordingi
15、nthefutureaseasyaswearingapairofspecialglasses.Theyrealsoworkingwithcheapermaterialsanddifferentmethodstoseeiftheycanbringthecostdown.5Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brainchild”inParagraph2referto?AThebrainfunction.BThefingerprintrecord.CThebiometricsystem.DTheonlinepassword.6Whyweretheimagesandsymbolsshowntothesubjects?ATocreatetheirbrainprints.BTocheckthebrainsreaction.CTomatchbrainprintswithpictures.DToconnectbrainwavestoelectrodes.7Whatwillhappenwhenabrainprintfails?AAspareonewillbereadybeforehand.BAnewonewillbesetagain.CTheuserssecuritywillbeleaked.DThefingerprintrecordwillreplaceit.8W
