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1、耳部解剖和生理耳部解剖和生理Ear anatomy and physiologyEar anatomy and physiologyGN Resound Asia Trade promotion & Training Dept. Ear functionA-听觉功能 B-平衡功能Hearing function Balance functionHearing functionPeripheral and Central Peripheral ear(Engstrm&Engstrm,1979)The external ear 外耳The Auricle 耳廓功能：收集声音Concha耳甲腔Hel
2、ix耳轮Anti-helix对耳轮Anti-tragus对耳屏Tragus耳屏The Ear canal 耳道 功能：耳道共振S型，长2.53.5cm，直径0.7cm，铅笔粗细 The middle ear 中耳功能：换能器、放大器（27dB）、保护耳蜗(Engstrm&Engstrm,1979)The Ear drum 鼓膜功能：传音、放大(Engstrm&Engstrm,1987) The Ear drum 鼓膜 宽8mm 高9mm 厚0.1mm The ossicles 听小骨、听骨链功能：利用杠杆原理将声能转成机械能(Zemlin,1988pp.445) 锤骨Malleus 砧骨Inc
3、us 镫骨Stapes人体中最小的骨头The middle ear muscles 中耳肌功能：减少大声对内耳的伤害鼓膜张肌和镫骨肌是人体最小的肌肉(Engstrm&Engstrm,1979)The Eustachian tube 咽鼓管功能：维持鼓室内外气压平衡、防止感染(Engstrm&Engstrm,1979) Eustachian tube 耳咽管 长3539mm，小儿减半，鼓室口高于咽口2025mm，小儿较短、管腔较大、近水平The “stiletto” principle(Zemlin,1988pp.457)Lever action principleHearing process
4、 Air conduction气导 Out ear Middle ear Inner ear Nerve CentrumSound Skull Bone conduction骨导The inner ear 内耳 The inner ear 内耳包括：半规管、前庭、耳蜗Histology classificationCrus communeAmpulla membranacea superiorUtriculusDucus endolymphaticusSacculusScala tympaniDucus cochlearisScala vestibuli Ducus cochlearisHel
5、icotremaFenestra cochleaeRound windowDucus reuniensFenestra vestibuliOval windowAmpulla membranacea posteriorCrista ampulla posteriorAmpulla membranacea lateralisAmpulla membranacea superriorAmpulla membranacea lateralisThe inner ear 内耳(Engstrm&Engstrm,1976)(Engstrm&Engstrm,1979)The cochlea 耳蜗The un
6、coiled cochlea(Zemlin,1988pp.465)The uncoiled cochleaCross section of cochleaCross section of cochleaCross section of the channeCross section of the organ of CortiInneru and outer hair cellsInner Hair Cell Stereocilia 3500个内毛细胞Outer Hair Cell Stereocilia 12000个外毛细胞Function of Cochlea耳蜗的功能将机械性声音信号转换成
7、生物电信号Function of Cochlea 耳蜗的功能Cross section of the organ of CortiOut Hair CellOut Hair CellOut Hair CellElectricityIoniccurrentflowsInner Hair CellCochla Dynamics et anatomie3000Hz ToneApexBaseApexBase300Hz ToneAuditory central nervous systemHearing process大脑颞叶大脑颞叶外侧丘系外侧丘系上橄榄体上橄榄体耳蜗核耳蜗核耳蜗毛细胞耳蜗毛细胞左右内侧膝状体内侧膝状体Brain cortexCochlear Hair cell1、听觉功能2、平衡功能 由前庭系和人的视觉及本体感觉系统共同完成的。 例如：前庭功能稍弱时，就将导致晕车！声波1.声波震动鼓膜2.鼓膜牵动中耳内的听骨，把震动加以放大及传到内耳的卵圆窗3.震动引起迷路内的淋巴液波动刺激耳蜗内的毛细胞，触发连接的神经纤维4.沿着听觉神经，传送到大脑Hearing process 本文由亚洲器械城编辑并整理,欢迎传播 更多助听器相关知识及及视频请访问 亚洲器械城 http:/
