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1、Passive Voice（被动语态） The Passive Voice (The Passive Voice (被动语态）被动语态） 动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者Many people speak English.(主动语态)English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)Read the following sentences1.It is called a stamp.2.Whats it made of?3.Which language is spoken by the largest number
2、of people in the world.4.English is used very widely as a foreign language,5.Silk is produced in Suzhou.6.Where are bananas grown?二。模仿上列句子连词成句1. Silk, produce, in Hangzhou.2. Cars, make, in Tianjin.3. tea, grow, in Fujian.4. English, speak, in Australia.5. Glass, produce, in Germany.6. Ships, make ,
3、 in Japan.被动语态构成助动词+及物动词的过去分词 （ be + P.P.)时态主动语态被动语态 (be+过去分词）一般现在时see / seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will (shall) +seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)
4、+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词 +see情态动词 +be+seen以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。 Cars are made in Changchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. -Are cars made in Changchun? (-Yes, they are./No,they arent.) Where are cars made? p26Read text-2 When can we use the passi
5、ve voice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执行者时。 My bike was stolen last night. 昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Letters are collected at eight every morning. 信件每天早晨八点收取。 The desk was made by Master Wang. 这张课桌是王师傅做的。 The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。被动语态使用方法Article1_popwin_title3. 为了更好地安排句子。 The
6、 well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。I have a new skirt. It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt. 我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。4. 在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略
7、）。主动语态改为被动语态的方法将下列句子改成被动语态。1.We use English as a foreign language. English is used as a foreign language( by us)2. People write business letters in English Business letters are written( by people) in English.3.They make telephone calls in English. Telephone calls are made( by them) in English.4.Trav
8、elers and business people use English. English is used by travelers and business.5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang. Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang.过去 时,含情态动词的被动语态 A man killed Jack. Han Mei found Granny books. They built the bridge. Jack was killed (by a man). Granny books were found by Han Mei.
9、The bridge was built . He can answer the question. We must plant trees in spring. Nurse should take care of the children. The question can be answered (by him.)Trees must be planted in spring.Children should be taken care of.主动语态变为被动语态时注意 含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况: Eg He gave the boy an apple. (1)
10、把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变: The boy was given an apple (2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for. An apple was given to the boy. (give, pass, show, send- to ) (buy, draw, make, -for )含双宾语的被动My father gave me a new book on my birthday . -A new book was given to me (by my father - I was given a new book (by my father).
11、2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定 .式前要加to . They watched the children sing. The children were watched to sing . 3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.We must take good care of the young trees. Young trees must be taken good care of.4. 带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语. He cut his hair short. His
12、 hair was cut short. They told him to help me. He was told to help me.5. 注意: 不及物动词不能用被动语态happen ,take place, appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词, 后面可带宾语take care of / look after / take off / look at / send for / look up Eg The old man should be taken good care of .6主动表示被动情况1 某些VI 动词表被动含义如 carry out /
13、 lock open / read /teach / wash / write 用来说明主语性质特征,常与 not / hardly / well /easily / badly /nicely 等连用Meat cuts easily .The car drove easily .His novel sells well 2某些感观动词表被动含义如 feel / look / taste / smell / sound 3This shirt feels much softer than that one.This orange tastes nice . 3 某些动词表被动含义如 weigh
14、 / measure / cost / last / break out / take place /happen The meeting lasted two hours . 4 get / come / go + P.P 表示被动含义 用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件. come / go 常与否定连用 They got delayed because of the holiday traffic . The womans complaints went unnoticed.5 在 need / want / require / deserve + doing 句型中,动名词表示被
15、动. The garden needs watering = The garden needs to be watered . 6 有些动词的不定式( blame / let / rent 用主动表被动 Nobody was to blame for the accident . The house is to let . 7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动 The thief was under arrest . Apples are on sale .将下列句子改为被动语态： （一） We often use a recorder in our English class. The pa
16、rents found the boy in the street. 3. We must clean the blackboard.4. I saw her reading a book hours ago.A recorder is often used( by us )in our English class.The boy was found (by the parents) in the streetThe blackboard must be cleaned (by us).She was seen reading a book hours ago.6。Someone has stolen my bike. They are building a house. My family will buy a computer next week.My bike has been stolen .A house is being built .A computer will be bought next week.（二） I often buy Mother something.
