文档供参考，可复制、编制，期待您的好评与关注！ 12 / 12 初二英语基础单选考点必背一、代词我你他她它我们你们他们人称代词（主格）人称代词（宾格）我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词主格用于句首, 放在动词前；宾格用于句中或句尾, 放在动词或介词后；物主代词意思是…的，形容词性物主代词后面必须接名词，名词性物主代词后不接名词二、介词in + 年/月/月, 年/morning/afternoon/evening; on + 日期//星期//the morning(afternoon/evening/night + of +具体日期) at + 点钟三、连词and 和，并且，就 but 但是，表示转折，or否则，（前面警告，后面为后果）so因此if 如果 because 因为四、比较级/最高级比较级er结尾，最高级est结尾不规则 good –better—best bad / badly—worse—worst many / much –more --- most little –less -- least1. 比较级+than+另一者 如：Lucy is taller than Mary.2. 疑问词+比较级+…, A or B?如： 如：Who is taller, Lucy or Mary?3. 比较级+and+比较级 如：It’s getting warmer and warmer.4. The+比较级，the+比较级/The more..., the more... 表示“越......,越......”5. 表示程度：可用much, even, a little等状语来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。
6. the + 形容词最高级+in/of/of all/among+比较范围 如：Mary is the tallest of the three.7. 疑问词+ the + 形容词最高级+…, A , B or C? 如：Who is the tallest, Kate, Lucy or Mary?8. one of the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词 如：The Huanghe River is one of the longest rivers in China.五、不定代词1.some 与 any ：一些some: 用于肯定句中， 也可用于表示请求、建议希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中any:用于否定、疑问和条件句中（若用于肯定句中则表示“任何”的意思）2.few a few, little, a littlefew, a few修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词 few, little有否定意义，表示几乎没有，a few, a little有肯定，表示一点，一些3.many, much, a lot of, lots of，a lot：许多 many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词 a lot of = lots of 既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词a lot 用在动词后。
4.both, all都，谓语动词为复数 both用于两者，句式为both …and…，all用于三者或三者以上之间5.other, others, the other, the others, another (1) other泛指（没有范围），不能单独使用，后面需接复数名词 如：He likes helping other people. (2)others泛指（没有范围），后面不接名词如：He likes helping others. (3)the other特指（有范围），后面可接复数名词There are forty students in our class. Twenty are boys, the other students are girls. (4)the others特指（有范围）, 后面不接名词如：There are forty students in our class. Twenty are boys, the others are girls. ①some ...others...:一些...，另一些... 如：There are a lot of students on the playground. Some are playing football, others are playing basketball.②one…the other… :一个...，另一个...（表示两者之中的另一个）如：I have two apples, one is big, the other is small.③another:表示三者或三者以上中的另一个My shirt is old. I want to buy another one.6.something , anything, everything，nothing，用作单数，放在形容词前面。
something(某事/某物)与 anything （任何事/物）的用法同some 与 any的用法everything 表示一切、每件事情，nothing表示什么也没有, 句中不能再用否定7.somebody (someone) , anybody(anyone), everybody(everyone)，nobody(no one)， 用法同上（指人）六、非谓语动词1. want to do sth.（想要做某事）， decide to do sth.(决定做某事)2. want sb. to do sth. (想让某人做某事)， ask sb. to do sth.(请某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事) allow sb. to do sth.(允许某人做某事) It’s + 形容词+(for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是…3. let sb. do sth. （让某人做某事） make sb. do sth. (使某人做某事) had better do sth.(最好做某事) had better not do sth.(最好不做某事) Why not do sth.=Why don’t you do sth.(为什么不做某事)4. enjoy/ like doing sth. (喜欢做某事) finish doing sth. (做完某事) mind doing sth. (介意做某事) practice doing sth. (练习做某事) stop sb. from doing sth. (阻止某人做某事), be busy doing sth.（忙于某事） keep doing sth.(一直做某事), keep sb. doing sth.(让某人一直做某事) go on doing sth.(继续做某事), spend + 段时间(in) doing sth. (花费时间做某事)cant/couldn’t help doing sth.（禁不住做某事）介词(in/on/at/about/without(无/没有)等)+动词ing How about/ give up / be interested in / be crazy about doing sth.5. stop to do sth.(停下来去做另外一件事情) stop doing sth.(停止做某事)6.see(看见)/hear(听见)sb. do sth. 看见/听见某人做了某事 see(看见)/hear(听见)/watch(观看)sb. doing sth. 看见/听见/观看某人正在做某事七、疑问词1. What(什么) 问物/职业/天气/名字如：What do/does sb. do? He/She is a …. What’s the weather like today? What time(几点) 只能对点钟提问, 可以用when来互换, ---What time / When do you usually get up. ---At 6 o’clock. 2. When(什么时候) 问时间，可以对任何时间提问。
如：When shall we meet? Let’s meet at four o’clock. When did you visit the zoo. Last Sunday.3. Who(谁) 问人如：Who’s your best friend? Lisa is my best friend. 4. Where(在哪儿) 问地点 ---in/on/at+地点 如：Where does he work? He works in a law firm near our school.5. Why(为什么) 问原因---Because 如：Why do you want to be a pilot？Because he wants to fly a plane in his plane.6. How(怎样，如何) 问方式方法 如：How can you go there? By+交通工具/on foot ①How many…? (多少) 问人/物的数目， 如：How many people are there in your class? There are forty.②How much…? 问多少（不可数名词）/ 问价钱如：How much milk do you want? How much is you coat. Thirty yuan.③How often…? （多长时间做一次某事） 问频率如：How often do you wash you hair? Once a week.④How long …?(做某事用多长时间) 对for +一段时间提问如：How long have you lived in Beijing? For about twenty years. How long do you do your homework? For about an hour.⑤How soon…? (多长时间后做某事) 对一般将来时中的in+段时间提问。
如：How soo n will you father go back home? In two weeks.⑥How far…? (多远) 问距离（…meters / kilometers） 如：How far is it from here? It’s about twenty minutes’ walk.7. which(哪一个) 从中选择 如：Which glass is yours? The small one is 。