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1、读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思20XX 年学大教育艺考生课程语法第四十一讲虚拟语气（二） -虚拟语气在名词性 /定语/状语从句中的应用适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域使用人教版教材地区课时时长（分钟）1 课时/60 分钟知识点虚拟语气在名词性从句及定语从句中的应用教学目标知识： 虚拟语气在名词性 /定语/状语从句中的应用方法： 通过讲解与练习相结合的方法能力： 能根运用虚拟语气进行表达教学重点在名词性 /定语/状语从句中的虚拟语气教学难点句型结构的牢固记忆及灵活运用读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思教学过程一、 课堂导入让学生阅读并分析下面两个句子有什么不同1. How I wis
2、h I can go there with you! 我多希望能和你一块去那儿。2. How I wish I had been there with you! 我多希望和你一块去了那儿。读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思二、复习预习1. 在上课前，帮助学生上节课所学内容：虚拟条件句2. 上节课课后作业检查和订正(1) 订正习题答案(2) 讨论错题并总结错误原因读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思三、知识讲解知识点 1：虚拟语气用于名词性从句【考查点 1】虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用1. “It is (was)+形容词 (或过去分词 )+that”结构中的虚拟语气在 “It is (wa
3、s)+形容词 (或过去分词 )+that”结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等形容词后的主语从句的谓语用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should +动词原形， should可省略直。常用的形容词：* natural (自然的), important (重要的), necessary ( 必须的 ), essential( 必要的), appropriate (适当的), urgent (急迫的 ), vital (必不可少的 ), advisable (合适的 ), preferable (更可取的 ), better (更好的)*, imperative (急需的), essential
4、( 本质的), * probable (很可能的 ), possible (可能的 ), * desirable (极好的 ), advisable(合理的)，compulsory(必须的 ), crucial(紧急的), desirable(理想的), imperative(迫切的), incredible(惊人的 )，necessary( 必要的 ), possible(可能的 ), strange( 奇怪的 ), urgent(紧迫的 )。读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思常用的过去分词 (Past Participle): * required (需要的), demanded (
5、要求), requested ( 被请求的 ), desired (要求)* suggested ( 建议), recommended ( 推荐)* orderd (命令) 例：It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules. It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once. It is recommended that the meeting (should) be postponed till next Monday. 2. 在 I
6、t is +名词+that的主语从句中的虚拟语气在 It is +名词+that 的主语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词有： advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, motion, order, pity, preference, proposal, resolution recommendation, requirement, shame, suggestion, surprise, wish, wonder等。例：It is my proposal that he be sent to study further
7、 abroad. 我建议派他去国外进一步学习。读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思It is his suggestion that you (should) go to America. 他建议你去美国。【考查点 2】虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用1. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中: 表示命令 , 要求, 建议, 形式为 should be 型或 be 型。常见动词： ask, decide, demand, desire, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, request, require, suggest, urge等. 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟
8、读而精思例：he pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. 他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。2. 在以 it 为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中: 表示要求 , 建议等 ,谓语动词为 should be 型或 be 型。例: I think it advisable (明智的 ) that he (should) have his car serviced. We consider it imperati
9、ve (必须的 ) that a meeting (should) be held immediately. 常在主句中作宾语补语的adj., 与主语从句中使用虚拟语气主句中的adj.相同. 3.在 would rather / had rather 后的宾语从句中 : 谓语动词用过去时， be动词用 were。例：I would / had rather you came tomorrow (than) today. 4. 在动词 wish的宾语从句中 :表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对于将来的主观愿望 ,从句通常省略 that. 1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句用一般过去时，be动词用
10、were。例：I wish I knew his address. (= I am s orry I dont know his address.) I wish it were summer now. 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟 : 从句用 had done型虚拟形式。例: I wished I hadnt spent so much money. = (I was sorry I had spent so much money.) They wish they had not lost the chance. 3) 表示对将来的主观愿望 : 从句用 w
11、ould/could +动词原形。例：I wish it would stop raining. 【考查点 3】在表语从句中的用法虚拟语气在表语从句中的用法主要有两种情况: 1. 从句以 that 引导, 主句的主语为表示命令 , 建议,计划等的名词 , 从句的谓语为 should be 型或 be 型虚拟形式。常用作主句主语的名词有 : aim, advice, demand, desire, idea, order, plan, recommendation, requirement, 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思suggestion, wish等。例：The doctor s
12、advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.Our suggestion is that you (should) be the first to go. 2. 从句以 as if / as though 引导, 主句的谓语动词为连系动词: 1)表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时。例：You look as if you had a toothache. She looked as though she were fainting. 2) 表示从句的动作先于主句的动作的发生，从句用had done型虚拟形式。例：He l
13、ooks as if he had been ill. 以 as if / as though 引导的从句如果不是表示虚拟, 而是表示可能的事实 , 则从句中的谓语动词要用陈述语气. 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思【考查点 4】在同位语从句中的用法在表示命令 , 建议, 计划等的名词后同位语从句中,谓语动词用 should be 型或 be 型。常用与从句同位的名词有 : aim, demand, desire, idea, order, plan, recommendation, regulation, requirement, suggestion, wish 等。例：The su
14、ggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering. Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch? 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思知识点 2：虚拟语气用于定语从句中这种从句常用于句型 “It is (high)time (that) ” 中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be 用 were)或should +动词原形，意思是 “(现在)该” 。例：It s time that I picked up my daughter
15、.It s high time we were going.读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思知识点 3：在状语从句中的用法【考查点 1】在让步状语从句中的用法1) 从句由 even if / even though 引导（主句和从句都用虚拟语气，形式与条件句相同）与现在或将来事实相反：从句为一般过去时, 主句为 should / would +动词原形与过去事实相反：从句用had done, 主句用 should / would have done型。例：Even if my mother were here, I should say the same thing. Even thou
16、gh it had been a rainy day, I should have gone to see him. 2) 当从句用 though / although 引导读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思从句用一般过去时或should+动词原形 , 主句可用陈述语气。例：This gave me some faint hopes of relief, although I were not able to imagine how it could be brought out. Though the whole world should condemn him, I will still believe in him. 【考查点 2】在方式状语从句中的用法1) 表示从句与主句的动作同时发生,从句用一般过去时， be动词用 were 例：He treats me as if I were a stranger. Charles laughed, as though that were a joke. 2) 表示从句的动作先于主句的动作发生,从句用 had done 例：Why i
