黄沙鳖β-防御素基因克隆及其表达分析

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1、 黄沙鳖-防御素基因克隆及其表达分析 许飘尹 杨廷雅 胡大胜 韩书煜 黎姗梅 李明 盛雪晴 梁静真 黄钧摘要:【目的】明確-防御素在黄沙鳖先天免疫中的潜在作用,为开展黄沙鳖绿色病害防治及促进其养殖业健康发展打下基础。【方法】运用RACE克隆黄沙鳖-防御素基因(Hs-BD1)cDNA序列,采用SignalP-5.0、PredictProtein、PSIPRED、Robetta和Clustal X等在线软件进行生物信息学分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR检测Hs-BD1基因在黄沙鳖不同组织中的表达特征及细菌感染前后的表达变化。【结果】Hs-BD1基因cDNA序列全长493 bp,包括72 bp的5非编

2、码区(5-UTR)、201 bp的开放阅读框(ORF)及220 bp的3非编码区(3-UTR)。Hs-BD1基因编码66个氨基酸残基,包括22个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽区、3个氨基酸残基组成的前肽区和41个氨基酸组成的成熟肽区。其中,成熟肽区具有6个保守的半胱氨酸残基(31Cys、58Cys、38Cys、52Cys、42Cys和59Cys)及位于C1和C2间的甘氨酸残基(Gly),即Hs-BD1基因属于-防御素家族。Hs-BD1氨基酸序列与中华鳖-防御素16的相似性最高(93.9%),基于-防御素序列相似性构建的系统发育进化树也显示黄沙鳖与中华鳖和西部锦龟聚为一支,其亲缘关系相对较近。6个保守的

3、半胱氨酸残基分别以C1-C5、C2-C4和C3-C6的连接方式形成3个二硫键;Hs-BD1成熟蛋白三级结构是由-螺旋、-折叠和无规则卷曲组成。Hs-BD1基因在黄沙鳖肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏中的相对表达量较高,在心脏、肠道、肌肉、脑组织和表皮中的相对表达量均较低;以温和气单胞菌攻毒后,Hs-BD1基因在黄沙鳖脾脏中的相对表达量呈上升下降上升下降的变化趋势,在攻毒后第3和36 h共出现2个表达峰值,对应的相对表达量分别是攻毒前(0 h)的20.8和10.6倍,差异均极显著(P0.01)。【结论】Hs-BD1基因在黄沙鳖的多个组织中均有表达,尤其在肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏中的相对表达量较高,且可被温和

4、气单胞菌感染诱导表达,说明Hs-BD1基因在黄沙鳖抵抗病原感染的过程中发挥调控作用。关键词: 黄沙鳖;-防御素;温和气单胞菌;Hs-BD1基因;表达特征: S947.1 文献标志码: A :2095-1191(2020)09-2269-09Cloning and expression analysis of -defensin gene ofHuangsha turtleXU Piao-yin1, YANG Ting-ya1, HU Da-sheng2, HAN Shu-yu2, LI Shan-mei2, LI Ming3, SHENG Xue-qing1, LIANG Jing-zhen1

5、*, HUANG Jun1*(1Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University/Guangxi Aquatic Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Nanning 530005, China; 2Guangxi General Station of Aquaculture Technology Extension, Nanning 530022, China; 3Yuzhou Station of Aquaculture Technology Extension, Yulin,

6、 Guangxi 537000, China)Abstract:【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the mechanism of -defensin and its potential role in the innate immu-nity of Huangsha turtle, and lay a foundation for carrying out the green disease prevention and control of Huangsha turtle and promoting the healthy development

7、 of its breeding industry. 【Method】The cDNA sequence of -defensin gene, Hs-BD1 in Huangsha turtle was cloned by RACE method, and the bioinformatics analysis was conducted by the online softwares including SignalP-5.0, Predictprotein, PSIPRED, Robetta and Clustal X. The expression patterns in various

8、 tissues of Huangsha turtle and the ones after bacterial challenge of Hs-BD1 gene were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. 【Result】The cDNA sequence of Hs-BD1 gene was 493 bp in length, including a 5 untranslated region(UTR) of 72 bp, an open reading frame(ORF) of 201 bp and a 3UTR

9、of 220 bp. The Hs-BD1 gene coded 66 amino acids(aa) containing the signal peptide region of 22 aa, the propeptide region of 3 aa and the mature peptide region of 41 aa. The mature peptide had six conserved cysteine(Cys) residues(31Cys, 58Cys, 38Cys, 52Cys, 42Cys and 59Cys) and the conserved glycine(

10、Gly) residue between C1 and C2, indicating that the amino acid sequence of Hs-BD1 gene belonged to the -defensin family. The amino acid sequence of Hs-BD1 shared the highest similarity(93.9%) with Ps-BD16 from Pelodiscus sinensis, and the phylogenetic tree based on the similarity of amino acid seque

11、nces of -defensin amino acid also showed that Huangsha turtle,P. sinensis and Chrysemys picta bellii clustered in a clade and their genetic relationships were relatively close. Six conserved cysteine residues formed three disulfide bonds by the conjunction type of C1-C5, C2-C4 and C3-C6. The tertiar

12、y structure of mature protein of Hs-BD1 was composed of -helix, -sheet and random coil. The expression levels of Hs-BD1 gene in the liver, spleen, lung and kidney were relatively high and the expression levels were relatively low in the heart, intestine, muscle, brain and skin. The relative expressi

13、on levels of Hs-BD1 in the spleen showed an upward-downward-upward-downward trend post injection of Aeromonas sobria. There were two peak values(at 3 and 36 h post injection) in the relative expression levels of Hs-BD1, which were as 20.8 times and 10.6 times comparing to the expression level before

14、 infection(at 0 h) respectively,whose differences were extremely significant(PKey words: Huangsha turtle; -defensin; Aeromonas sobria; Hs-BD1 gene; expression patternFoundation item: Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2018GXNSFAA138167); Aquaculture Disease Measuring and Reporting Project of Guangxi

15、 Agricultural and Rural Department(Guicaiyuhan2019105)0 引言【研究意义】黄沙鳖是中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)的地理种群(黄雪贞等,2012;马沙等,2019),原产于我国两广地区的西江流域。黄沙鳖裙边肥厚、味道鲜美(李登明等,2013),维生素和微量元素等营养物质含量均高于中华鳖(赖春华等,2011),且生长速度快、产量高,其养殖业市场前景广阔,经济效益突出。但近年来,在高密度饲养条件下黄沙鳖疾病尤其是细菌性疾病常暴发流行,致使乱用滥用抗生素现象普遍存在,进而引发病原微生物耐药性增强及食品安全隐患等一系列问题(黄艳华等

16、,2013;罗华平等,2013;刘杰等,2015)。抗菌肽作为动物先天免疫的第一道防线,在保护机体和抵抗病原微生物入侵的过程中发挥重要作用(van Hoek,2014;王婧等,2018),是近年来重点推广应用的新型饲料添加剂,易被养殖动物降解,且无残留物质,对环境无任何污染(覃志彪等,2016)。因此,研究黄沙鳖免疫机制及开发可替代抗生素的抗菌肽等无公害药物是确保黄沙鳖养殖业健康发展的关键。【前人研究进展】抗菌肽是一类由少于100个氨基酸残基组成且具有广谱抗微生物活性的短肽,是生物体先天防御系统的重要组成部分(Koehbach and Craik,2019)。防御素是一种分子量在34 kD的阳离子抗菌肽,其典型特征是具有6个保守的半胱氨酸残基,形成3个二硫键以稳定分子构象(van Hoek,2014)。防御素的抗菌机制主要是富含正电荷和疏水片段,易聚集在带负电荷的微

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