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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 一对一互动研学 时态的用法:1. 一般现在时(1) 一般现在时的形式a. 主语为第三人称单数,在原形动词后加-s或-es。b. be的变化:am, is, arec. have的变化;has, have(2) 一般现在时在高考中的基本用法详见下表的总结:具体用法经典例句(1) 表示现存的状态、情况I am a teacher now. 我现在是一名教师。The coat is very cheap. 这件外套很便宜。Does he work hard? 他工作努力吗?(2) 表示过去、现在和将来都理应存在的客观事实或真理A plane is faster than
2、a car. 飞机比汽车快。The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。3 plus 2 is 5. 三加二等于五(3) 表示现阶段经常性、反复性的活动He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于助人。He gets up very early every morning. 他每天早上很早起床。(3) 一般现在时的特别用法详见下表的总结:具体用法经典例句(1) 一般现在时代替过去时表示过去的用法在宾语从句中,尽管主句用过去时态,但如果从句所述内容是客观真理或经常性的动作,其谓语动词仍然用一般现在时。The teacher t
3、old her pupils that the sun rises in the east. 教师告诉她的学生们太阳从东方升起。叙述往事,使其生动。Napoleons army now advances and the great battle begins. 拿破仑的军队现在前进了,大战役开始了。表示“书上说”、“报纸上说”之意。The newspaper says that its going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天天气寒冷。(2) 一般现在时代替进行时的用法在进行图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说时常用一般现在时。Scene I(Lucy and Mi
4、ss Green are in the doctors room-a large, pleasant room with many books.) 第一幕(露西和格林小姐在医生的房间里,那里有很多书,宽敞而舒适)在某些习惯性表达法中,表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。Here comes the bus! 公交车开来了!How it rains! 雨下得好大啊!(3)一般现在时表示将来的用法表示已安排或计划好、将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态时,可用一般现在时。用于这类句型常考的谓语动词包括be, come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin等。My birth
5、day falls on April21, 我的生日是四月二十一日。The meeting is at 8:00 a. m.tomorrow. 会议明天上午八点开始。His ship leaves at 5:00 p. m. this afternoon, 他的船下午五点开航。Tomorrow we start for Shanghai. 明天我们启程去上海。在含有条件、让步、时间等状语从句的复合句中,从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside. 如果明天天气好,我们就去乡村。We will try
6、 to finish the work in time although we are short of manpower.尽管缺乏人力我们还是要设法按时完成这项工作Shell go to see him as soon as she arrives. 她一到达就去看他。When you meet him, tell him to come to my room. 如果你遇见他,叫他到我这儿来。巩固提升1 例1 What would you do if it _ tomorrow?We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A
7、. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining点拨:B 在if引导的条件句中,用一般现在时表达将来意义,所以选择rains。例2 Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry. (辽宁)A. is working B. works C. work D. worked点拨:C本题测试动词的时态与主谓一致,主语是women,又有Nowadays,故选C项work,A项如果改成are working也是正确答
8、案。2. 一般过去时(1) 一般过去时形式:a. be动词的形式变化。b. 助动词的形式变化。c. 情态动词的形式变化。d. 行为动词一律用过去时,没有人称和数的变化。(2) 一般过去时的用法A. 表过去的状态或动作,常带有过去时间状语以及由when等连词引导的状语从句。如:I received two letters from home last week.上周我收到了两封家信。They left an hour ago. 他们一小时前离开了。注意:常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:last year 去年just now 刚才in 2002 在2002年at that moment 在那时a
9、 few days ago 几天前in the old days 在过去的岁月里yesterday 昨天last night 昨天晚上at that time 当时the other day 前几天B. 过去的习惯动作,常与时间状语如every day, seldom, usually等连用。如:We saw him from time to time. 过去我们时常看到他。Every morning I took a walk when I lived in the countryside. 我住在乡下时每天早上都散步。C在before和after引导的状语从句中,已经表明了时间的先后,所以
10、可用过去时来代替过去完成时。如:He said nothing before he saw Mr. Smith.=He had said nothing before he saw Mr. Smith.看到史密斯先生之前,他什么话都没说。(3) 一般过去时用法5注意Ahave got+名词,表示“有”,是have的口语用法。如:Ive got a problem. =I have a problem.我有一个难题。B used to+动词原形,也可表示过去的习惯动作而现在已经没有了。如:We used to spend our vacations in the mountains. 暗示现在没
11、有在山区度假了。我们以前常常在山区度假。C would+动词原形,也可表示过去的习惯。如:My mother would go downtown when she was not busy.我妈妈以前不忙的时候,常到市中心去。D 过去时和ever, never连用,表示“过去的经验”。如:Did you ever see a lion? 你曾见过狮子吗?She never heard such a beautiful song before.他以前不曾听过这么美的歌。E since从句一般用过去时You havent changed much since we last met.自从上次我们见
12、面以来,你变化不大。Its three years since he went abroad. 他出国三年了。Its a long time since he was ill. 他病好了很长时间了。I havent found any job since I was out of work. 自我失业以来,我一直没有找到工作。巩固提升2例1 If the traffic hadnt been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 oclock.What a pity! Tina _ here to see you. (2005湖南)A. is B. was
13、 C. would be D. has been点拨:B 表示“Tina曾经来过这儿看你”(Tina现已离开)要用一般过去时。例2 .Did you tidy your room?No, I was going to tidy my room but I _ visitors. (2007上海)A. had B. have C. have had D. will have点拨:A 下划线处应客观描述过去行为,表明“不速之客来访”这一过去的事实,由此直接排除选项B、C、D而选出A。3. 一般将来时(1). 一般将来时形式a. 第一人称 shall/will+动词原形b. 第二、三人称 will+
14、动词原形c. be going+to dod. be+to doe. be about+to do(2). 一般将来时的用法a. 表示将来的动作或状态。如:You will get wet ii you go out without an umbrella.如果你出去不带伞,会淋湿的。We shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将会下很多雨。注意:常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有:next time下次 tomorrow 明天tomorrow evening明晚 before long 不久后in the future在将来 later(on)以后the day after tomorrow 后天this afternoon 今天下午 next year明年b. be going+to do. 表示打算在最近或将来要做某事。如:My brother is going to learn English next year.我哥哥准备明年学英语。He is going to stay a week. 他准备待一个星期。表示可能即将发生某事。如:I think it is going to snow. 我看天要下雪。I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.恐怕我要得重