《2018考研英语一真题及参考答案(1)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018考研英语一真题及参考答案(1)（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2018 考研英语一真题及参考答案本文由凯程陆老师整理SectionI Use of English Directions:Readthe following text. Choosethe best word (s) for each numbered blank andmark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET(.10 points)Trust is a tricky business.On the one hand, its a necessarycondition1many worthwhile things: child care, friendship
2、s, etc. On the other hand, putting your2, in the wrong place often carries a high3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, becauseit feels good.5people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that6pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct
3、that prompts humans to7with one another. Scientistshave found that exposure8this hormone puts us in a trusting9: In a Swiss study, researcherssprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their10wh
4、o inhaled something else.11for us, we also have a sixth sensefor dishonesty that may12us. A Canadianstudy found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate13a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each14to an adult tester holding a plastic container. Thetester would ask,
5、 “Whats in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Eachsubject was then invited to look15. Half of them found a toy; the other half16the container was empty-and realized the tester had17them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were18to cooperat
6、e with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership.19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20” tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. A on B like C for D from2. A faith B concern C attention D interest3. A benefit B debt C hope D price4. A The
7、refore B Then C Instead D Again5. AUntil B UnlessC Although D When6. A selectsB produces C applies D maintains7. A consult B compete C connect D compare8. A at B by Cof Dto9. A context B mood C period D circle10.A counterparts B substitutes C colleaguesDsupporters 11.A Funny B LuckyC Odd D Ironic12.
8、A monitor B protect C surpriseD delight13.A between B within C toward D over14.A transferred B added C introduced D entrusted 15.A out B back C around D inside16.A discovered B proved C insisted D.remembered 17.A betrayed Bwronged C fooled D mocked18.A forced B willing C hesitant D entitled19.A In c
9、ontrast B As a result C On the whole D For instance 20.A inflexible B incapable C unreliable D unsuitableSectionII ReadingComprehension Part ADirections:Readthe following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWERSHEET(.40 points)Text 1
10、Among the annoying challengesfacing the middle classis one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Dont dismissthat possibility entirely. About half of U.S.jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a Universit
11、y of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed.Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care dont appeal to robots. But many middle-classoccupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will
12、be fine.Thisisnt to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didnt go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed
13、. Likewise,automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.Thefirst step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machin
14、e Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schoolsshould do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work
15、 alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionalstrying to acquire new skills will beable to do so without going into debt.Thechallenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S.to revive its fading businessdynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic technological change,entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines
