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1、 2021届好教育小题必练小题必练2：代词代词在近年高考试题中出现频率非常高。代词的考查集中在语法填空中，主要考查代词的主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和反身代词。预计2021年高考命题将继续考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。考点仍然以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等为主。考点一 人称代词 (2018全国卷 )When the gorillas and I frightened ea
2、ch other, I was just glad to find_ (they) alive.【答案】them【解析】人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。考点二 物主代词（2020全国1卷）Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar base are practic
3、al. 【答案】its【解析】根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词 its 作名词plans 的定语。考点三 指示代词（2019天津卷）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的
4、是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。考点四 反身代词(2020.山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.【答案】themselves【解析】句意为：想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期。此处为“imagine sb d
5、oing sth”结构，living at a different time in history是动名词短语作 imagine 的宾语，反身代词 themselves 是 living at a different time in history的逻辑主语。 【点拨】当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词：人称代词主格和宾格、指示代词或it。因为充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中一般是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺主语或宾语，就填代词。此时，要根据前后语境，看该空格是指人还是事物，指男还是指女，是单数还是复数。除人称代词外，也有可能是填不定代词等。还有可能是填作形式主语或形式宾
6、语的it，替代后面作真正的主语或宾语的不定式、动名词或从句。解题技巧如下：第一步：分析句子结构。若句子缺主语，则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；若动词或介词后面缺宾语，则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾格与主语是同一人，应用反身代词。第二步：理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法，以及句子所需的意义，填入合适的代词。一、单句语法填空1. By that time, the panda no longer needed (it) mother for food. 【答案】its.【解析】考查代词。观察句子结构可知，它的妈妈，用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its.2.
7、A few hours earlier, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with (it) choking smog. 【答案】its 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its.3. The girl was sitting on the chair quietly, burying _ (she) in the magazine in the hands.【答案】herself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：女孩安静地坐在椅子上，把自己埋在手中的杂志里。与主句主语the girl相呼应，用反身代词herself，故填herself.4.
8、My father kept _ (him) word and treated me to a wonderful sightseeing trip after I won the contest.【答案】his【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我赢得比赛后，我父亲遵守了他的诺言，带我去游览了一番。keep ones word守信；遵守诺言，固定短语，设空处应用其形容词性物主代词形式。故填his.5. I wish to thank Mr. Smith, and without _(he) help I would never have got this far.【答案】his【解析】考查形
9、容词性物主代词。句意：我要感谢史密斯先生，如果没有他的帮助，我不可能走到今天这一步。因此空格处为his，故填his.6.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of _（they）murdered by an evil wizard.【答案】them【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.7. If yo
10、u want to go to the party with me, you should behave (you) well.【答案】yourself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yourself.8. Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _ (us).【答案】ours【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈
11、们在这片土地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours.9.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find _ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理
12、的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself.10. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. 【答案】their【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.11. If you are time poor, you need run for o
13、nly half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_ a try.【答案】running/it【解析】根据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应该尝试着跑跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可直接填名词running/it。12. Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to
14、 eat out.【答案】it【解析】此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to eat out为真正的主语。13. “She thought I had hurt _ (I),”says Pahlsson.【答案】myself【解析】句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己”。根据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。14. On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother.【答案】its【解析】句意：在最近的一次参观中，我抱着一对可爱的、三个
15、月大的双胞胎大熊猫中的一只，这只大熊猫被它的妈妈遗弃了。此处应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词mother。15. Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm .Now it occurred to _ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【答案】him【解析】“it occurred to sb.that从句”表示“某人突然想到”，此处指Mr.Johnson突然想到发生在他身上的事情，所以填him。二、语法填空Passage 1Pinyin is a successful tool, which 1 (teach) in China to school kids. It is not merely used by westerners like us. It has proved
