“现在完成进行时”集中学习策略刍议 文/赵爱琴摘 要：集中学习语法，让学生在短时间内对新语法有个完整、清晰的认识，掌握它的精髓，并能熟练运用，是一直探索的问题现在完成进行时”集中学习这一方法可行，并且效果很好关键词：现在完成进行时；集中学习；策略人教版八年级英语（下）第六单元，出现了现在完成进行时通常一个新语法的出现，教师要让学生通过观察这种语言现象，逐步感知、理解，然后归纳、总结，直至接受但在配套的基础训练里，现在完成进行时的所有内容都出现了如果不及时系统地学习，学生几乎无法完成配套练习这势必给他们造成心理阴影，影响他们对这一语言的学习但如果在一节课完成这一庞大语法的学习，确实有难度现在完成进行时把过去、现在甚至将来联系了起来，学生理解起来有一定的困难另外，它常和how long，for，since短语和句子连用，但究竟用for还是since，还有一堆讲究学生能在这么短的时间里，理解并掌握这一语法吗？带着所有的疑问，我准备进行尝试首先，我重新学习了这一语法，并将其梳理归纳；然后思考教学方法，力求新颖、有趣、自然、高效接下来我仔细安排每一个教学步骤一切准备就绪，我要开讲了：我通过提问，引出所学内容：T: Hi，Mary.Do you like sports？M:Yes.T: What kind of sports do you like best？M:I like playing basketball best .T:When did you start playing basketball？ M: I started playing basketball when I was ten.T: So you have been playing basketball for three years .Yes？M:Yes.然后我又同Rose，John互动，并将句子板书到黑板上：1.Mary has been playing basketball for three years.2.Rose has been swimming for four years.3.John has been playing tennis for five years.首先学生翻译、理解上面的句子：他们从过去开始这种活动，一直延续到现在，并有可能一直延续到将来。
我们学过一般过去时、一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时但这种把过去、现在、将来联系起来的现象是什么呢？我引出了新的语法：现在完成进行时接下来我启发学生归纳它的定义现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在延续，并可能延续到将来通过观察，学生得出了它的公式：主语＋have（has）been ＋V-ing ＋其他否定句：主语＋have（has）not been ＋V-ing＋其他一般疑问句：Have（has）＋主语＋been＋V-ing ＋其他 然后我启发并指导学生用since改写句子Mary已经打球三年了，我们是不是可以说，她从三年前就已经开始打球了？Mary has been playing basketball since three years ago .她今年十三岁，我们也可以说，从她十岁开始，就已经开始打球了Mary has been playing basketball since she was ten .同理，我板书句子到黑板上1.Mary has been playing basketball for three years. →Mary has been playing basketball since three years ago.Mary has been playing basketball since she was ten.2.Rose has been swimming for four years. →Rose has been swimming since four years ago.Rose has been swimming since she was nine.3.John has been playing tennis for five years. →John has been playing tennis since five years ago.John has been playing tennis since she was eight. 通过观察学生看出，现在完成进行时常和for, since短语和句子连用。
three years ， four years , five years是一段时间，即时间段；three yearsago， four years ago ，five years ago是时间点；she was ten , she was nine, she was eight是一般过去时的句子由此，我们得出结论： for 后跟是时间段，since后既可跟时间点又可跟一般过去时的句子到此，我们对这一语法有了全面的认识随堂进行练习检测，效果很好通过这节课，我明白了一个道理：教师在平时教学中，要敢于尝试，敢于挑战，敢于突破我们相信，在教师的正确引导、鼓励下，学生的潜能能最大限度地发挥，并会有意想不到的收获参考文献：［1］刘建华.中学英语创新教法［M］.北京：学苑出版社，1999：126-129.［2］薄冰，何政安.英语语法［M］.北京：开明出版社，2005：236-238.编辑 马燕萍 -全文完-。