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1、第三部分 概要写作 专项03 强化训练Passage 11A new study warns that about thirty percent of the worlds people may not have enough water by the year 2025. A private American organization called Population Action International (PAI) did the new study. It says more than 335 million people lack enough water now. The pe
2、ople live in 28 countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East. PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about 3,000 million people may lack water. At least 18 more countries are expected to have severe water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the am
3、ount of water on the Earth stays the same. Mr Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase. The report says lack of water in the future may result in several proble
4、ms. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases, such as cholera which are carried in water. Lack of water may also result in more international conflict. Countries may have to compe
5、te for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need large amounts of water when they are beginning. The Population
6、Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water for agriculture. The report also says long-term solutio
7、ns to the water problem must include controls on population growth._【答案】A new study shows that about 30% of the worlds people may suffer a shortage of water in the following few years. (要点1)Nowadays over 335 million people in 28 countries lack enough water, while the amount of water remains the same
8、 and the population is growing faster. (要点2)The shortage of water will cause health problems and international conflict. (要点3) Fortunately, ways are found to settle the water problem. (要点4)【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述目前缺水现状以及缺水会带来的问题，最后提出解决缺水问题的方法。【详解】文章的主要结构采用了“提出问题，分析问题，解决问题”的论述方法，主要讲目前缺水现状以及缺水会带来的问题，最后提出解决
9、缺水问题的方法。符合概要写作常规出题思路。第一段为总述，讲述现象：A new study warns that about thirty percent of the worlds people may not have enough water by the year2025.( 一项新的研究警告说，到2025年，世界上大约30%的人可能没有足够的水。)提出了文章的话题：缺少。可以用到的词汇或句型有：about thirty percent of the worlds people等。第二段至第四段详细阐述了缺水现状，其中第二段提及缺水人口数量，第三段提及与对水的需求增加相反的是水资源数量的
10、不变性，第四段提及了人口增长。可以用到的词汇或句式有：it says more than 335 million people lack enough water now; the amount of water on the Earth stays the same; population growth等。第五段至第六段的主旨句为：The report says lack of water in the future may result in several problems. 讲述了缺水带来的问题：健康问题，国际争端问题以及经济发展问题。可以用到的词汇或句式有：lack of water
11、 in the future may result in several problems; increase health problems；result in more international conflict; affect the ability to improve their economies等。第七段主旨句为：The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. 本段讲了专家们给出了许多解决办法，比如一水多用，不浪费水资源，减少农业用水，控制人口增长等。
12、可以用到的词汇或句式有：several solutions等。【点睛】高分句型1A new study shows that about 30% of the worlds people may suffer a shortage of water in the following few years. (一项新的研究表明，世界上大约30%的人将在未来几年遭受缺水。)本句中that 引导宾语从句。高分句型2Nowadays over 335 million people in 28 countries lack enough water, while the amount of water r
13、emains the same and the population is growing faster. (现在28个国家有超过3.35亿人缺水，而水的数量保持不变，人口增长更快。)本句中“while”可为并列连词，表对比关系。Passage 12On November 18, 1995, Itzhak Perlman, the world famous violinist, came on stage to give a concert at Lincoln Centre in New York City. If you have ever been to a Perlmans conce
14、rt, you know that getting on stage is not easy for him. He got polio(小儿麻痹症) as a child, and has to walk with the aid of two crutches(拐杖) now.That night Perlman walked slowly to his chair. Then he sat down and began to play. But, suddenly, one of the strings on his violin broke, You could hear it bre
15、akit broke with a loud noise. People thought to themselves, He will have to get up to either find another violin or find another string for this one. But he didnt. Instead, he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again. The orchestra began, and he played from where he had stopped. He played with such passion and such power. Of course, everyone knows that it is impossible to play a symphoni
