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1、 定语从句高考考点例析The best way you can get Complex sentence 复合句：由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。复合句 =主句+定语从句一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（定语）The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.主句主语从句主语从句谓语结构主句谓语结构2021/6/72在句子中作定语，修饰名词或
2、代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句，因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。Attributive clause:定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where (地点状语)when (时间状语)why (原因状语)2021/6/73Attributive clause:限制性定语从句 restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictiv
3、e是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。I was the only person who was invited.in my officeJenny, with whom I played table tennisyesterday, lives in my next room.The man who came here yesterday has come again.That is Mr. Wang
4、, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school. 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.2021/6/74考点一考点一: :如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。 用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you).when_Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps di
5、fferentKinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film)._Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success)._whenwhyMorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud)._whenDo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）_where2021/6/752、如定语从
6、句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。考点一考点一: :如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live)._wherein whichThe house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_ _Luckily none of the people _ ( I know) were killed in the earthquake
7、. whowhom that /_ _My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen2021/6/763、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。Kunming is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _ ( new China was founded).whenThe window ( _ was opened this morni
8、ng) has been broken.Which thatThe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.Which that考点一考点一: :如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词2021/6/77考点二：考点二：thatthat和和whichwhich的选择的选择 (1) that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。 当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，如：
9、 a. All that can be done has been done. b. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. c. There is little (that) the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时： Ive read all the books (that) you gave me.2021/6/78考点二：考点二：thatthat和和whichwhich的选择的选择先行词是序数词或形容词
10、最高级修饰时。This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰时。That white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who (whom)和wh
11、ich引导。如：He talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.2021/6/79先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，定语从句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引导。考点二：考点二：thatthat和和whichwhich的选择的选择Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on
12、 the table belongs to me? 当关系代词在从句中作表语时： Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. China is no longer the country that it used to be. 2021/6/710Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that
13、 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 考点二：考点二：thatthat和和whichwhich的选择的选择（2 2）只用）只用whichwhich的情况的情况 B B 2021/6/711考点三：as与which引导的定语从句对这两个词作如下归纳： 1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. She seems a scien
14、tist, as (=which) in fact she is. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before. 2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导 定语从句。如： As we all know, his parents were killed in the war.As we all know, the earth is round.2021/6/7123.用于the sameas,suchas，asas, soas中，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are
15、 interesting.This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。 He won the match, as we had expected. He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected. The police were looking for him, as he thought.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句Here is
16、 so big a stone as no man can lift.2021/6/7135. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.6.如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，则用which.a. He cheated his friend of mach money, which was very disgraceful.b. He came back late, which made his mother worried.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句2021/6/714考点四：关系代词前介词的确定如何选定介词:1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you of
