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1、八年级下时态总结1. 过去进行时 助动词: _ 肯定句: _ 否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _ 放句首例如: 昨天8点我正在做作业._ 当他回到家时我正在听音乐._was / werewas / were + doingwasnt / werent + doingwas / wereI was doing homework at 8 yesterday. I was listening to music when he came home. 2. 现在完成时 助动词: _ 肯定句: _ 否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _ 放句首例如: 他已经完成工作._ 我还没吃午饭._have/ hashave
2、/ has + 动词过去分词have / hasHe has finished the work already. I havent had lunch yet. havent / hasnt + 动词过去分词语法要点 1 现在完成时： 构成：have/has +动词的过去分词常用的时间状语有：for +一段的时间, since +表示起点的时间 _ two days _ 20 years ago_ last week _ 30 hours 常用的副词有：already, yet, never, ever, just， lately, recentlyforsincesincefor判断下列词
3、语哪些可以和现在完成时连用(yes/no)：alreadyLast weekjustFor 3 daysyesterdayNext yearSince 1992everSince last SundayyetneverIn 5 hoursbeforeSince 3 days agoyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesNoNoNoNo难点解析 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 1）表示过去的动作刚刚结束，常与just, already, ever, never ,yet ,before连用。 他已经回到家了。 He has already g
4、one home. 她还没找到一份工作。 She hasnt found a job yet. 他刚刚关掉了灯。 He has just turned off the light.难点解析 2)表示过去的结果对现在仍有影响，通常不与时间状语连用。 他们输掉了那场比赛。 They have lost the game. 他买了电脑。 He has bought the computer. 3）.表示开始于过去并持续到现在（也许还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态。 1）表示动作的持续，常与 “ _ +时间段” “_+时间起点” 连用。 他到珠海两年多了。 He has been in Zhuhai f
5、or over two years. 从三年前开始，我就认识他了。 I have known him since three years ago. 2)在现在完成时中，瞬间动词必须改为相应的表示延续意义的动词或词组才可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 She has had the car for a year. His father has been away from China for 5 years. forsince 现在完成时的疑问？ 格式: _ 助动词: _ 瞬间动词与持续动词: 瞬间动词可以用于完成时吗? 什么时候不可以用瞬间动词? die borrow buy arrive
6、in 他已经买了那本书. _ 他买了那本书三天了. _ 什么情况是例外? 他三天都没买任何东西. _have/ has + 过去分词have hasbe dead keephave be in He has bought that book.He has had that book for three days.He hasnt bought anything for three days. 句型: 1. 去过: 2. 去了: 3. 一直在: 例如: 他去过香港三次. 他去了香港. 他在香港三年了. have/ has been tohave/ has gone tohave/ has bee
7、n in, atHe has gone to HongKong.He has been to HongKong for three times.He has been in HongKong for three years.短暂暂性动词动词 延续续性动词动词 arrivehas/have been begin have been on borrow have kept buy have had close have been closed die have been dead get up have been up join have been in/been a leave have bee
8、n away from lose have not had open have been open put on have worn 1. 你去过美国吗? 没有,从来没有. 2. John在哪里?他去了图书馆. 他已经去那里两个小时了. 3.我已经买了三天了. 4. 英语课已经开始10分钟了. 5. 李雷已经离校半小时了.Have you ever been to the USA? No, never.Where is John?He has gone to the library. He has been there for two hours.I have had it for three
9、 days.The English class has been on for 10 minutes.Li Lei has been away from school for half an hour. 6. Mr谭在地震中牺牲了.他已经去世很多年了. 7. 这个婴儿已经出生两周了. 8. 麦克借已经有一个星期了. 9. 火车已经来了10分钟了. 10. 我姐姐当空姐已经有两年了.Mr Tan died in the earthquake. He has been dead for years.The baby has been born for two weeks.Mike has kept
10、 “Harry Potter” for a week.The train has been here for 10 minutes.My sister has been a flight attendant for 2 years.4. 现在完成进行时 助动词: _ 肯定句: _ 否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _ 放句首例如: 他们从2005年开始一直住在珠海._ 我一直看了三个小时书._have/ hashave / has + been + doinghave / hasThey have been living in Zhuhai since 2005. I have been readi
11、ng for 3 hours.havent / hasnt + been + doingI have been skating for two years.She has been collecting toys since three years ago.for+ 段时间 for two dayssince+ 点时间 since two days ago与其连用的时间状语有：我已经滑冰两年了自从三年前开始，我一直在收集玩具。 动词时态填空： 1. I _(have) breakfast already. 2. She is ill. She _ (lie)in bed for three w
12、eeks. 3. So far Mei _ (learn) over 2000 English words. 4. What _ you _(do) all this time? 5. You _(say) that since you came here years ago. have hadhas been lyinghas learnedhave been doinghave been saying2. 主将从现 如果从句是由 _ (如果)，_ (当)， _ (一就) 引导的一般现在时的条件状语从句， 主句要用一般将来时或用can, should等情态动词组成的句子。 如果明天下雨， 我
13、就留在家。_ 当他长大， 他将当一名医生。_ 我一打电话给他， 他就会来接我。_ifwhenas soon asIf it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.When he grows up , he will be a doctor.As soon as I call him, he will pick me up.ExercisesFill in the blanks with the words given.1.The students will go to the Great Wall if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.2.I
14、f he _ (not do) his homework, hell be late.3.If she likes it, she _ (read) it soon.4.If you play computer games on weekdays, you _ (be) tired.5.If you watch TV tonight, you _ (not study) for the test.doesnt raindoesnt dowill readwill bewont study 用所给词的正确形式填空。1.If you _ (be) late, the teacher will be
15、 angry.2.We dont know if it _ tomorrow (snow).3.He _(become) a soccer player if he works hard.4. You _(be) famous if you sing well.arewill snowwill becomewill be5 Half of these bananas _(be) bad.6 Half of the boys _(like) basketball.7. Half of the bread _ tasty.(be)arelikeisI dont know if my brother
16、_ (come) tomorrow. If he_ (come), Ill be happy.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于 whether，宾语从句通常位于主句之后。引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。我不知道明天是否会下雨。 I dont know if it_ (rain)tomorrow. will comecomes will rain用动词适当形式填空 I _ (see) this movie, and I _ it last night. I _ (sleep) when the telephone _ (ring) yesterday. If you _ (go) to the party, you _ a good time. They _ (watch) TV since 10 o clock. Look, they are still _ (watch) TV now. She _ (meet) Jay twice, and tomorrow she _ (meet) him again.have seen sawwas
