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1、中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破90道精选试题练习 直接引语是直接引用别人所说的话,句子中需要用引号间接引语是转述别人所说的话,即将直接引语变成间接引语。间接引语多以宾语从句的形式表示。考点一 直接引语与间接引语的转换 转述一般疑问句时，引导词if/whether及语序的用法考查；转述祈使句时的用法考查1.转述陈述句时,由连词that引导,that在口语中常省略Tina said,“ I will go to the cinema tomorrow.Tina said( that) she would go to the cinema the next day.蒂娜说她第二天要去看电影。2转
2、述一般疑问句时,用f或 whether引导。He asked me, Have you read this book?”He asked me if/whether I had read that book.他问我是否读过那本书。3.转述祈使句时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上 tell, ask, order等动词。如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式的前面加not。She said to us,“ Please sit down:”She asked us to sit down.她请我们坐下。He said, Don,t make so much n
3、oise, boys. He told the boys not to make so much noise.他告诉男孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。4.转述感叹句时,用wht或how引导。She said,“ What a lovely boy he is!She said what a lovely boy he was.她说他是个多么聪明的男孩啊。考点二 转述时人称、时态、状语及动词的变化 直接引语变间接引语时，人称、时态、指示代词、地点状语、时间状语等的综合考查；直接引语变间接引语时，时态无需改变的情况。 1.人称的变化 直接引语在变为间接引语时,代词要随句意进行改变。大致遵循“一随主，二随
4、宾，第三人称不变更”的规律。(1)“一随主”是指直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的主语在人称和数上保持一致。I said，“I won t give up。”I said that I would not give up.我说我不会放弃。(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的宾语在人称和数上保持一致。He said to her，“Why are you late?” He asked her why she was late.他问她为什么迟到。(3)“第三人称不变更”是指直接引语中的第三人称代词在变为间接引语时不发生变化。He said
5、,“ She likes it.” He said that she liked it.他说她喜欢它2.时态的变化 如果直接引语为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应和对应的时态向前推一个时态,如下表所示:直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时/过去完成时过去完成时Martin told me, I rang Alice yesterday. ,Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.马丁告诉我说他前一天已经给爱丽丝打电话了。Nell told me. Mary
6、is studying abroad-Nell told me that Mary was studying abroad.内尔告诉我玛丽正在国外学习3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this这个that那个these这些those那些时间状语now现在then那时today今天that day那天this evening今晚that evening那晚yesterday昨天the day before前一天last night昨晚the night before前一天晚上two days ago两天前two days before两天前next wee
7、k下周the next week/the following week第二周tomorrow明天the next day/the following day第二天the day before yesterday前天two days before两天前the day after tomorrow后天In two days time两天后地点状语here这里there那里方向性动词bring带来take带走come来go去He said,“ These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.他说那些书是他的。She said.I wil
8、l come this morning. She said that she would go that morning.她说那天早上她会去那里。She said, I went there yesterday. She said that she had gone there the day before.她说她前一天去过那里。She said, I will come here this evening.She said that she would go there that evening她说她那天晚上会去那里。4.时态无需改变的情况(1)直接引语是客观真理时,变成间接引语,时态无需改
9、变。Mother said, There are four seasons and twelve months in a year. Mother said that there are four seasons and twelve months In a year.妈妈说一年有四季,12个月。(2)直接引语是过去进行时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变Jack said, John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in t
10、he street.杰克问约翰在街上碰见他时他正要去哪里。(3)直接引语中有具体的时间状语时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。He said,“ The story took place in the 1930s.He said that the story took place in the 1930s.他说那个故事发生在20世纪30年代。典例点拨1. He said, I am living with a British family now.He said that was living with a British family .A. I: now B. you; theC. he. t
11、hen D. he. now解题技巧:C 直接引语是陈述句且人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语在人称上保持一致,第一空需要和he保持一致;直接引语变成间接引语时,时间状语也要进行相应的变化,now变成then,故选C项。命题规律: 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,需要记住以下几个方面:去掉引号加that,时态向前推一步,人称变化要灵活,状语变化按规定。2. He asked the woman on the phone,Can I call on you this afternoon?He asked the woman on the phone call on her a
12、fternoonA. whether could he: this B. whether he could: thatC whether could he: that D. whether he could: this解题技巧:B 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,首先加上 whether或者if,然后句子需用陈述句语序,如果直接引语的人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语保持相同的人称；时态、时间状语、地点状语也要进行相应的变化,故选B项。命题规律: 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,需记住以下几点：去掉引号加 whether或if，陈述语序要记住,时态、人称和状语都要
13、进行变化。90道精选试题练习一、根据括号中的要求改写句子1 “Jack，can you help with the dinner？” Jacks mother asked.（改成间接引语）Jack was asked _he _help with the dinner.2Tony said，“I am singing when the telephone rings.”（将直接引语改为间接引语）Tony said that_ _singing when the telephone rang.3 Was the machine invented by David？She wasnt sure.（
14、合并成一句话）She wasnt sure _ the machine was invented by David.4Are there any new markets in Asia？The sales manager wants to know.（合并为一句）The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia.5Tim said to Kate，“How is your mother now？”（改为间接引语）Tim _ Kate how _ mother _ then.6He asked Mary，“Do you have anything to do this afternoon？”（改为间接引语）He asked Mary _ she _ anything to do _ afternoon.7Our teacher said to us，“Light travels faster than sound.”（改为间接引语）Our teacher _ us _ light _ faster than sound.8Mr Zhang said，“I was born in Beijing in October,1980.”（改为间接引语）Mr Zhang
