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1、大脑体操)作业完成情况)知识梳理。副词的用法:(一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not (不),here (这里),now (现 在)。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。女口:Have you read this book before?(副词,作时间状语)你以前读过这本书吗?He will arrive before ten oclock.(介词,before ten oclock 是介词短语,作时间状语)他将在 10 点钟前到达。(二)副词的种类时间副词有三类:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, ha
2、rdly 等一般位于系动词、情态动 词和助动词之后,实之前义动词1)表示发生时间的副词:Its beginning to rain now!现在开始下雨了 !2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词 always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly 等一 般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词:She often changes her mind.她常改变主意。3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:He has just had an operation.他刚动过手术。2、地点副词:1)有不少表示地点的副词:She is studyi
3、ng abroad.她在国外留学。2)还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形,跟宾语的是介词,否则是副词: 用作介词:Stand up!起立! 用作副词:A cat climbed up the tree.猫爬上了树。3 )以where构成的副词也是地点副词:Its the same everywhere. 到处都一样。【重点】3、方式副词1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances.你夫人舞跳的真美。2)还有相当多的副词,表示某些情绪:She smiled gratefully.她感激的笑了笑。3)还有一些
4、以ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly.他悄然离廿了这座城市。【重点】4、程度副词和强调副词1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示至9某种程度:Is she badly hurt?她伤得重吗? 说明这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b):a. fairly simple 相当简单 quite correct 完全正确b. wonderfully well 好极了 do it very quickly 干得很快【重点】2)much是一个特殊的程度副词,它可以:a.修饰形容词等:Im not much good at singing.我唱
5、歌不太好。b.修饰比较级:You sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer than ours.他们的房子比我们的好多了。【重点】5. 疑问副词和连接副词1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:how: How is your grandmother?你奶奶身体好吗?where: Where does she come from?她是哪儿人? when: When can you come?你什么时候能来? why: Why was he so late?他为什么来得这么晚?2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副
6、词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know how to start this machine?你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I dont know where he lives.我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) when: Tell me when youll be ready.告诉我你什么时候准备好。(引导宾语从句) why: Thats why I came round.这就是我来的原因。(引导表语从句)6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Lets go inside.咱们到里面去。Take two steps forward.向前走两
7、步。(三)副词的位置1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:Usually I do my homework in the evening.(句首)通常我晚上做家庭作业。I often get up at six.(句中)我常在6点起床。Please speak slowly.(句末)请慢慢说。2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如:These flowers are quite beautiful.(在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。He works very hard.(在副词前)他工作很努力。但也有例外,如:She is old enough to go t
8、o school.(在形容词后)她已到了上学的年龄。3. 按一般规则,既有地点状语又有时间状语时,地点状语应放在时间状语之前。女口:We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon 我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。 He watched TV at home last night他昨晚在家看电视。说明形容词一般修饰名词,副词一般修饰动词、形容词或副词。一些形容词后加上ly可以变 成畐叽司,女口 slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully 等。副词的比较等级:(一)概念:副词和形容词一样,也有
9、原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规则变化和不规则 变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是:单咅节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加er或est;多咅节词以 及ly结尾的副词(early除外),前面加more或most.。不规则的变化式只能采用“各个击破的办法 去记忆。1)规则变化原级比较级最高级soonsoonersoon estloudlouderloudestfastfasterfastestwidewiderwidestearlyearlierearliesthappilymore happilymost happilycarefullymore carefullymost careful
10、ly2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfarther (距离)farthestfurther (程度)furthest(二)副词的比较级的用法1单独使用:Try to do better next time.下次争取干好一点。Hell come back sooner or later.他迟早会回来的。Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。2、和than 起使用:He swims better than I do.他游泳游得比我好。Can you do a
11、ny better than that?你能不能干的好一些?He arrived earlier than usual.他到的比平时早。3、比较级前可有状语修饰:You must work much faster.你必须大大加快T活的速度。Can you come over a bit more quickly?你能稍稍快点来吗?4、as.as 和 not so.as 结构这两个结构也可结合副词使用:1)as.as可用在肯定句中,表示“像.一样,后面的副词要用原级:She can run as fast as a deer.她能跑的像鹿一样快。2)在否定句中,as.as和so.as都可以用:I
12、 dont go there as much as I used.我现在到那里不像过去那么多了。I didnt do as(so) well as I should.我做的不如我应做的那么好。3)这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语:She can read twice as fast as he does.她阅读的速度比他快一倍。(三)副词最高级的用法:副词最高级可修饰动词,前面多数不带定冠词the:He laughs best who laughs last.(谚语)谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst.我们四人中我唱的最差。(四
13、)副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法:副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结构或短语中。1)more and more 越来越:It rained more and more heavily.雨下得越来越大了。She went farther and farther away.她越走越远 了。2)the more.the more 越,越.:The more I work, the more I accomplish.我干得越多,完成的就越多。3)had better 最好:Wed better not disturb him.我们最好不要打扰他。What had we better do?我们最
14、好怎么办?教学重难点)1、了解副词,裳握副词的作用2、副词的同级。比较级和最高级的用法特色讲解)单项选择1 I can pickapples than you.A. many B. much C. more D. most解析:有than选择比较级选择more答案为C2. The sports car is running, It seems to be flying.A. fast and fast B more and fast C. more and faster D faster and faster解析:车跑的越來越快,选择前后都是比较级形式,fast的比较级为faster and
15、faster答案为D3. My sister is good at sports. She can jumpthan me.A. highest B. very high C. too high D much higher 解析:有(han选择比较级,答案为D4. -Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs?-Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are.A. cheap B. dear C worse D. nicer解析:题目是说相比起蛋黄的月饼,peter喜欢吃带有果仁的月饼。两者Z间比较选择比较级。肯定是好吃 才会选择,故答案是D5. Paris is one ofcities