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1、名词性从句（宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句）讲解 高考英语语法总复习复合句：主句+从句意思上来讲主句是主要的。但是从句才是我们学习的重点。从句有各种各样的变化，从句要作不同的成分的，主句与从句间要加不同的连接词，可能有时候还要倒置。例句：Americas new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive.Americas new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work（这一
2、部分为主句）。unless从句1前的连接词。 banks mark assets to levels 从句1。表示条件的从句。如果.which从句2前的连接词。buyers find attractive 从句2。修饰前面levels的定语从句。（一）名词性从句（当成名词来用的句子）包括：1、宾语从句（最重要）；2、表语从句（最不重要）；3、主语从句（一般重要）；4、同位语从句（一般重要）。4种从句的写法一样，不一样的是位置不一样。先看：1、宾语从句（最重要）1）含义：是一个作宾语的句子，位置是把它放到主句里作主句的宾语。例句：The fossil record shows that many
3、 species have endured for millions of years.全句是一个主句，但是that many species have endured for millions of years作了该主句的宾语。即that many species have endured for millions of years为宾语从句。2）宾语从句的写法：先写两简单句，其中一个简单句作主句时省略掉宾语，然后将另一个简单句接到作主句的宾语位置当宾语即可，但是要注意连接词的使用。那么连接词该如何用呢？a、陈述句变宾语从句例如：Dr . Worm acknowledges .These f
4、igures are conservative.（将这个陈述句放到上面这个句子里当宾语，如何放呢？）Dr . Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative.其中that不作成分，可以将that省略，但建议不要省略。我们的试题里面经常确又是省略了的（有点坑啊！）例如：We believe consumers should have more control.believe 后面为宾语从句 that 省略掉了。As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may
5、 be ineffective and painful.know 后面为宾语从句 that 省略掉了。b、特殊疑问句变宾语从句例如：We suddenly cant remember .Where did we put the keys just a moment ago?注意观察：变化前where.是个疑问句，而we suddenly . 是陈述句，规矩不一样，所以得改，将疑问句改为陈述句样式。故调整语序，只需动主语。We suddenly cant remember where we put the keys just a moment ago.其中we did put 等于 we put
6、（注意这里的put是过去时哦）特殊疑问句自带了连接词（如where），所以不用重新加连接词了。c、一般疑问句变宾语从句I dont know .Are other clients going to abandon me, too?注意观察：变化前后的句式不一样。故又需要变化句型。调整语序，只动主语；但是要注意保留是否的含义。用if 或者whether作连接词,建议用whether（这个是100%可用的，if有时不能用）I dont know whether other clients are going to abandon me , too .注意：如果主句不是陈述句，宾语从句照样变成陈述句
7、。例如：Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads?Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers?3）宾语从句的位置：3种位置：a、动宾：（动单宾：及物动词+从句；动双宾：及物动词+人+从句）（90%以上为这种类型）. scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to ment
8、al effort.believe及物动词+宾语从句（用that连接词连接）：动单宾This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells.explain及物动词+宾语从句（用why连接词连接）：动单宾. users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.tell 及物动词+advertisers（人）+宾语从句（用that连接词连接）：动双宾b、介宾例如：This and other similar cases rais
9、e the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.of介词+宾语从句（whether作连接词）：介宾. those differences are swamped by how well each person encodes the information.by介词+宾语从句（how 作连接词）：介宾c、形容词+宾语从句（出现的几率小，简单了解）例如：. he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematic
10、s.certain形容词+宾语从句（that 作连接词）：形容词+宾语从句（近15年就出现过这一次）【补充三种】：d、非谓语动词+宾语从句注意：只要是及物动词，后面就可以接宾语从句，无论该动词作谓语还是非谓语动词。例如：You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.to assume非谓语动词+宾语从句（that作连接词）Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that th
11、e structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.suggesting非谓语动词 +宾语从句（that作连接词）e、多个宾语从句同时出现例句：To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.To
12、filter out非谓语动词+宾语从句（用what连接词连接）from介词+宾语从句（用what连接词连接）to understand非谓语动词+宾语从句（用how连接词连接）+宾语从句（用what连接词连接）并用and表示并列关系。f、宾语从句后置，it形式宾语要求两个条件：1、宾语从句太长；2、必须在主谓宾补句型中。例如：That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.less likely作补语，故将宾语从句后置（用t
13、hat作连接词）。二、表语从句：1、表语从句的含义：作表语的句子，放在系动词后面。例句：The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.整个句子为一个主句，其中is后面的为表语从句（用that连接词连接）。2、表语从句的写法：同宾语从句，但是连接词that不能省略。主句里面用连接词将一陈述句（从句）连接。其中的陈述句为表语从句。例句：Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.is 系动词后面用that连接
14、词连接一个陈述句（表语从句）。This is where developing new habits comes in.is 系动词后面用where连接词连接一个陈述句（构成表语从句）。3、表语从句的位置应该在主系表句型中，并且位于系动词后面。例如：For Williams , these activities become what he calls electronic morphine.become系动词后面用what连接词连接一陈述句（即表语从句）。Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched.其中remai
15、ns为系动词，后面用that连接词连接一陈述句（即表语从句）。注意：可能有非谓语系动词+标语从句（重要性不高）例如：Human nature being what it is,most people stick with default settings.being为非谓语系动词，后面用what连接词连接表语从句。The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it inefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can create new receptors if necessary.to be 为非谓语系动词，后面用连接词that连接表语从句。三、主语从句：1、主语从句的含义：用一个句子作主语。2、主语从句的写法：同宾语从句的写法同，但是连接词that不能省略，还要注意：whether与if的选择只能选择whether，不能用if。例如：That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.That the seas are b
