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1、实验3：配置静态路由、默认路由与RIP (路由信息协议)实验拓扑：R2IP地址表如下:1、路由器接口R1f1/0R2fa1/0R2fa1/1R3fa1/0IP地址172.16.1.1/24172.16.1.2/24172.16.2.1/24172.16.2.2/24注意：须配置完上而的IP地址并保证路山器两两都能ping通后才能进行路山协议的配置。2 配置静态路由方法1：使用与本路由器直连的下一个路由器的接口地址进行配置。Rltfconf tRl#sh codes:11 3 PC D N E i i oR1 (conf ig)#ip route 172. 16. 2. 0 255.255. 2
2、55. 0 172. 16.1. 2配置 1. 0到2. 0的静态路由 R1#sh ip routerou-connected, 5 - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP- eigrp, ex - eigrp external, o - ospf, ia - ospf inter area-ospf nssa external type 1, N2 - OSPF nssa external type 2- ospf external type 1, E2 - ospf external type 2-IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary,
3、Ll - is-is level-1, L2 - is-is level-2- is-is inter area, * - candidate default, u - per-user static route -ODR. P - oeriodic downloaded static routeGateway of 1ast resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsc172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernetl/OS172.16.2.0 1/0 via 172.161.2/
4、“s”代表创建了一个静态路由。R1#ping 172. 16. 2. 1Raping 172. 16.2.2 /虽然路由器R1通告了 172.1620的网段，但是H前20.2是ping不通 的，因为172.16.2.2是路由器R3的接口地址，而R3在没有配置路由协议Z前路由表中并没 有到达172.168.1.0网段的路径。R1 (config)#Ctrl+Shift+6,X R3R3R3enR3#conf tR3(config)#ip route 172. 16. 1. 0 255.255. 255.0 172. 16.2. 1 配置20至叶.0的 R3(config)#end 静态路由。R3
5、#sh ip routeR3#ping 172. 16. 1. 1R3(config)#Ctrl+Shift+6, X R1Riftping 172. 16. 2. 2 /验证配置，这次ping通了。如下R3#p 172.16.1.1Type sendescape sequence to abort.ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avq/max = 28/48/84 msRl#ping 172.16
6、.2.2Type sendescape sequence to abort.ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/ava/max = 24/44/80 ms方法2：使用本路由器的出端口配置静态路由。Rl#conf tRl(config)#ip route 172. 16.2.0 255. 255. 255. 0 fal/0 /使用出接口的好处是:当对端 IP更新时还能保证这个静态路1打是有效的。前提先删除方
7、法一配置的静态路由R1(config)#Ctrl+Shift+6, X R3R3R3enR3#conf tR3(config)#ip route 172.16.1.0 255. 255.255.0 fal/0R3 (config)#endR3#sh ip routeR3#ping 172. 16. 1. 1Rl#ping 172. 16.2.2如下：Rl(config)#no ip route 172. 16. 2.0 255. 255. 255. 0 172. 16. 1.2Rl(config)#ip route 172. 16.2.0 255. 255. 255. 0 fal/0R3 (c
8、onf ig)#no ip route 172. 16. 1. 0 255.255.255.0 172. 16. 2. 1R3(config)#ip route 172. 16. 1.0 255. 255. 255. 0 fal/0Rl#ping 172. 16.2.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/47/84
9、 msR3#ping 172. 16. 1. 1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/42/84 ms 2.配置默认路由选择删除R1到R3的静态路由，并在R3新建一个环回接口来测试默认路由的效果。 R3#conf tR3 (conf ig)#int loop 0R3(config-if)#ip add 192. 16
10、8. 30. 1 255. 255. 255. 0R3(config-if)# Ctrl+Shift+6, XR2(config)#ip route 192. 168.30.0 255. 255. 255. 0 fa 1/1/创建一条R2到R3 路由器LOOPO 网段的静态路由。因为默认时路由粘R2无法识别192. 168. 30.0网段。Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.30.1, timeout is 2 seconds:i i i i iSuccess rate is 100 p
11、ercent (5/5)f round-trip min/avq/max = 20/29/40 ms/我们发现配置完毕后可以pi吨通192. 168. 30.1R2 (config)#endR2#sh ip routeRl(config)#no ip route 172. 16. 2.0 255. 255. 255. 0 fal/0 /删除R1 到R3的静态路由。 R1 (config)#endRl#sh ip route /show的结果是在R1的路由表中只剩下直连的1. 0网段如下:Gateway of last resort is not set172. 16. 0. 0/24 is s
12、ubnetted, 1 subnetsC172.161.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0目前R1是ping不同172. 16. 2. 2和192. 168.30. 1的网段啦如下:Rl#ping 172.16.2.2Type sendescape sequence to abort.ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:success rate is 0 percent (0/5) IRl#ping 192.168.30.1Type sendescape se
13、quence to abort.ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.30.1, timeout is 2 seconds: success rate is 0 percent (0/5)Rlttconf tRl#shcodes11 d PC D N E i i o.1Rl(config)#ip route 0. 0. 0. 0 0. 0. 0. 0 172. 16. 1.2 /默认路由的作用是:转发不在路由 表中列出的远端目的网络的数据包到下一跳路由器(在这里也就是路11器R2, 192. 168. 10.2)。 R1 (config)#end-conn
14、ected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobi le, B - BGP-EIGRP, ex - EIGRP external, o - ospf, ia - ospf inter area-ospf nssa external type 1, N2 - ospf nssa external type 2-OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2-IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, Ll - is-is level-1, L2 - is-is level-2- is-is inter area, *
15、 - candidate default, u - per-user static route- ODR, P 一 periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 172.16.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsc172.16.10 is directly connected, FastEthernetl/OS* . 0,0.0.0/0 n/01 via 172.16.1.2/ “s”为默认路山。现在开始P i ng远端网络测试默认路市如下。Rl#ping 172.16.2.2ed I pn I ye I T s Iescape sequence to abort, ing 5, 100-byte ICMP Echosto 172.16.2.2,timeout is 2success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max Rl#ping 192.168.3
