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1、Specialized EnglishSpecialized English2021/8/311Differences between specialized and general English Different purposes For specialized purpose to obtain the most recent information to publish the research results either by writing a paper or giving an oral presentation Different learning methods rea
2、d as many English references as possible attend as much as seminar as possible try to compose research papers/reports in EnglishDifferent contents Special vocabularies and terms2021/8/312Grammatical characteristics of specialized English1) 客观（Objectivity) the present tense, past tense or perfect ten
3、se the passive voice or impersonal subjecte.g. It was started in 1969,when the U.S. Department of Defense established a nationwide network to connect a handful of universities and contractors. (past tenses)2021/8/3132) 简洁（Conciseness） nonfinite verbs: Gerund, participle (past, present) , infinitive
4、noun phrasee.g.1. Many different schemes for performing these three functions (sampling, quantizing and coding) have evolved during recent years. (gerund)2.Consequently there is an inherent advantage for overcoming noisy environment by choosing digital transmission. (gerund)3. Television is the tran
5、smission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.2021/8/3144.The signal received from a satellite, located in far outer space, is very weak. (past participle)5. Most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using shape or level of the transmitted signal. (p
6、resent participle)6. Ethernet hubs and switches provide an easy and inexpensive means to provide more bandwidth to workstations. (infinitive)2021/8/3153) 准确（Accuracy)long sentences -exceedingly informativeconditional sentences - accurate descriptione.g. 1.If the number of the messages in the set is
7、finite then this number or any monotonic function of this number can be regarded as a measure of the information produced when one message is chosen from the set, all choice being equally likely.2021/8/3164) “无生命主语及物动词宾语（宾语补足语）”e.g. Chapter 6 provides a basic introduction to the ideas of sequences,
8、series and limits.5) 常用it作为形式主语或宾语e.g. 1) It has been proved that induced voltage causes a current to flow in opposition to the force producing it.2) The invention of radio has made it possible for mankind to communicate with each other over a long distance.2021/8/3176) 尽量用紧缩型状语从句而不用完整句e.g. While de
9、signed primarily for use by engineering students, it is believed that the book is also highly suitable for students of the physical sciences and applied mathematics.7) 割裂修饰比较普遍（包括短语或从句被分隔）e.g. It is hoped that this provision, together with the large number of worked examples and style of presentatio
10、n, also makes the book suitable for private or directed study.（主谓分离）2021/8/3188) 较多使用祈使语气e.g. Let the forward-pass transfer function be given by the linear difference equation.9) 句中并列成分（各种并列短语、单词或从句）较多e.g. Radar has certain inherent advantages over detection systems employing light waves: 1) has gre
11、ater range, 2) it is usable in any weather and in day or night, and 3) the electronic circuitry and components for transmitting, receiving, amplifying, detecting and measuring are high developed.2021/8/319专业英语词汇的构成World-building派生法（Derivation）复合法（Composition）转化法（Conversion）拼缀法（Blending）缩略法（Shorting）
12、2021/8/3110Derivationa- : asynchronous, asymmetryanti-: clockwise-anti-clockwiseco-: relation-correlation operation-cooperationdis-: advantage-disadvantage cover-discover able-disableen-: enable, enlargeem-: embed, embody2021/8/3111im- : possible-impossible balance-imbalanceil-: legible-illegible le
13、gal-illegalin-: correct-incorrect capable-incapableir-: regular-irregular relevant-irrelevantinter-:change-interchange interface internet interact2021/8/3112mis- : miscount mistakeMulti-,poly-: multipurpose, multicarrier polynomial(binomial)non-: linear-nonlinear effective-noneffectivepost-: postfix
14、 postgraduatepre-: prefix, preface, predictre-: retell, readjust reflect, react, reverse2021/8/3113sub: set-subset subscript subroutinesuper-: superscript superconductor superpositionsym-,syn-: synchronous symmetrytele-: telephone,telegraph,telescope2021/8/3114trans-: transmitter, transform transverseultra-: ultraspeed: ultraviolet ultraviolet ray ultrasonic2021/8/3115semi-: semiconductormono-: monotonebi-, di-, ambi-, twi-: tri-: triangle, trifoldquadr-: quadrangle quadri-phase 2021/8/3116audi-auto-fold-proof-ology2021/8/3117部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！
