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1、Thegenitivewastraditionallylabeledasthe“possessive case”.Caseisagrammaticalcategory.Itdenotesthechangesintheformofanounorapronounshowingitsrelationshipwithotherwordsinasentence.Case of NCommon case(通格):student,myfatherGenitivecase(属格):students,myfathersGenitive caseEX. Marys and Jims booksMary and J
2、ims booksthe Teachers Home an hour and a halfs walkmy wifes clothesRosss experienceDickenss novels/ Dickens novelsMary, Jims sisters book is left on the desk.Marys, Jims sisters book is left on the desk. (1) Formation of genitive nounsThegenitiveisformedinwritingbyaddings tosingularnounsandpluralnou
3、nsthatdonotendin-s.my wifes clotheschildrens pictorial Plural nouns endinginstakeanapostropheasgenitivemarker.the girls dormitory the Teachers HomeIncompound nouns or post-modified noun phrases,thegenitiveendingisaddedtotheendofthecompoundortothe end ofthenounphrase.my mother-in-laws arrivalan hour
4、and a halfs walksomebody elses marks In coordinate nouns,thegenitiveendingisaddtoeachofthecoordinateelementswhendenoting respective possession andonlytothelast coordinatewhendenotingcommon possession. Marys and Jims books Mary and Jims booksIntheconstructionof“noun phrase + appositive”,thegenitiveen
5、dingisaddedtotheendoftheappositive,ortobothtotheendofthenounphraseandtotheappositive.uMary, Jims sisters book is left on the desk.uMarys, Jims sisters book is left on the desk. Inpersonalnamesendinginsibilant/z/,thegenitiveendingcanbeeither s or an apostrophe only;butitcanbeswhenthepersonalnameendsi
6、nothersibilantsounds.Dickenss novels/ Dickens novelsJoness mother/ Jones motherMarxs opinionRosss experience(2) Meanings of genitive nouns Possessive genitive(表所有关系)Mr. Greens office; Toms; myfatherscar;thebullshornsSubjective genitive(表主谓关系)Davidsquickrecovery;thepresidentsarrival Objective genitiv
7、e(表动宾关系)theenemysdefeat;theboyspunishmenttheenemysdefeat;theboyspunishment Genitive of origin(表来源)Newtons law was developed in the 17th century.I havent received my sisters letter. Descriptive genitive (表类别)I first met him on an early winters day. Genitive of time, distance, measure, value, etc. (表时
8、间、度量、价值等)two hours driving; three days journeyExercise2014-TEM457. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship?A. He was reading Marys letter in the room.B. You can buy mens shoes in this shop.C. Mrs. Blakes passport was lost.D. The enemys defeat brought the war
9、 to an end.DExercise 2011-TEM4 65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation?A. Mr. Smiths passport has been issued.B. The visitors arrival was reported in the news.C. Johns travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore tells the childrens stories
10、.BExercise 2013-TEM4 60.Whichofthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?A.ThearrivalofthetouristsB.ThelawofNewtonC.TheoccupationoftheislandD.TheplaysofOscarWildeA(4) Independent and double genitiveIndependent genitive独立属格就是在所有格-s后面省略了名词中心词。Peoplecanbuyfreshvegetablesatthegrocers（省略
11、了storeorshop）.TheonlydaughterofoneofmyformerclassmatesgraduatedfromChinaGirls（省略了School）.Marys（省略了picture）isthemostbeautifulpicture.Thepresidents（省略了house）isbythelake.(4) Independent and double genitiveIndependent genitivewhenthenouncanbeeasilyretrievedinthecontextHermemoryislikean elephants.u Marys
12、 isthelargesthouseintheneighborhood.whenthemissingnounreferstosomebodyshouseorresidenceuImgoingtodineatmy brothers.u The doctorsisontheoppositesideofthestreet.when the missing noun refers to church, school, or other public buildingsJoelivesnearSt. Pauls inLondon.HewaseducatedatMerchant Taylors.when
13、the missing noun refers to commercial firmsYoucanbuysomevegetablesatthe grocerys.Chinesetoysaresoldat Smiths. Double genitive带有独立属格的-of词组就叫做双重属格。Theprepositionalphrasethattakesanindependentgenitiveascomplement(object)iscalledadoublegenitive.其结构为：名词+ of +独立属格Theindependentgenitiveintheof-phrasemustbe
14、definite specific personal reference.apatientofthedoctors*apatientofadoctorsThenounphraseintheof-phrasetakesanindefinite determinersuchasa (n), some, any,etc.a/any/ some/two/which daughter(s)ofMrs.Greens*thedaughterofMrs.Greens(wrong)thismini-skirtofYangMis,thatscandalofChenGuanxisA double genitive isdifferentfromordinaryof-phrase.AportraitofMr.Brown=aportraitpaintingMr.BrownAportraitofMr.Browns=aportraitownedbyMr.BrownAcriticismofMr.Brown=Mr.Browniscriticized.AcriticismofMr.Browns=oneofthecriticismsmadebyMr.BrownPractice
