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1、DLX流水线实验报告北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院计科1104 （进修生）03班房皓 134108012014/4/23一. 实验目的1. 了解各种指令在DLX流水线中的运行过程；2. 掌握结构相关、数据相关、控制相关，并会观察冒险情况以及这些冒险 在winDLX是如何解决的；3. 理解前送(forwarding)技术对流水线性能的影响。二. 实验内容1. 了解各种指令在DLX流水线中的运行过程如上次实验那样，读入并运行fact, s和input, so请从程序中选择有代表 性的5条不同类型的指令，并描述每条指令在5段流水线中每步完成的工作。2. 流水线相关实验在流水线窗门中观察，分别找出结
2、构相关、数据相关、控制相关各一种，并 描述冒险情况以及这些冒险在winDLX是如何解决的。3. 前送(forwarding)技术对流水线性能的影响分别在forwarding选项打开和关闭的情况下运行程序，考察两种情况下的性 能数据并比较。并找出两个具体情况来说明forwarding是如何通过消除冒险来提 高性能的。4. 考察改变部件数量和延迟数对性能的影响通过configurationfloating point stages可施加各种改变。该实骑由你自己设 计实验计划，得出结果和结论。三. 实验要求任务1, 2，3必做，任务4选作。实验结果1、各种指令在DLX流水线中的运行过程，如图所示:指
3、令:ledf0，f4led fO,MIFIDAdr.: fact. LoopCode: 0x0404001 cT erminated $uccefullyFirst Cycle: -27Last Cycle: 22Total Cycles: 6Cycles: -27(1)T erminaled successfullyI MAR -PC HactLoop) IR-MemIMAR (=0x0404001 c) PC.PC+4 (=fact.Loop+0x4)No Stalls required.Cycles: -26(1)T erminated successfullyA-00(=4)B-D4(
4、=1)No Stalls required.intEXMEMWBCycles -25(2)T erminated successfullyFPSR-A=B (=0)(A=3.B=1)1 Stall because of structural Hazard!Forwarding applicated:A0x0AHIation about ultd f2,f2,fOmultd 24240IFIDAdr.: fact.Loop+0x8Code: 0x04401006T erminated successfullyFir$t Cycle: -25Last Cycle: -16Total Cycles:
5、 10Cycles: -25(2)T erminated successfullyIMARoPC (=fact.Loop+0x8) IR-MemIMAR (=0x04401006) PC-PC+4 (Mact.Loop+Oxc)1 Stall($) because of structural Hazard!Cycles: -23(1)T erminated successfullyA-D2(=6.048e*05)B-D0(=3)No Stalls required.fmulEX MEMWBCycles: -22(5)T erminated successfullyALU-AKB (=1.814
6、e+06) (A=6.048e4-05z B=3)No Stalls required.No Forwarding.Cycles: -17(1)T erminated successfullyNothing to do.No Stalls required.Cycles: -16(1)T erminated successfullyD2-ALU (=1.814e+06)No Stalls required.!P.KJ|指令:subdf0,f0，f4subdIFIDAdi.: facl.Loop+OxcCode: 0x0404X05Cycles: 23(1)T erminated success
7、fullyCycles: -22(1)T erminated successfullyT erminated successfullyFirst Cycle: -23Last Cycle: -18T olal Cycles: 6I MAR -PC (=factLoop+Oxc) IR-MemIMAR (=0x04040005) PC-PC+4 (=facl.Lo 叩+0x10) NoSlalls required.A-D0(=3)B-D4(=1)No Stalls required.faddEX|1)MEMWBCycles: -21(2)T erminated successfullyCycl
8、es: -19(1)T erminated successfullyCycles: -18(1)T erminated successfullyALUB (=2)Nothing to do.D0-ALU (=2)(A=3, B=1)No Stalls required.No Forwarding.No Stalls required.No Stalls requiredI匚Hl指令：sd PrintfVaIue(rO)，f2Infor鳳at ion about sd PrintfValue(rO)，f2sd PrintfValue(rO)J2Adr.: fact FinishCode: 0xb
9、c02102cAborted (Jump)First Cycle: -21Last Cycle: -21T otal Cycles: 1IFIDCycles: -21(1)Aborted (Jump)!I MAR -PC (=fac 匕 Finish) IR-MemIMAR (=0xbc02102c) PC-PC+4 (=facl.Finish+0x4)No Stalls required.XintEXMEMWBXXX指令：j fact.Loopj fact.LoopIFIDAdr.: fact.Loop+0x10Code: OxObffffecT erminated successfully
10、First Cycle: -22Last Cycle: -17T otal Cycles: 6Cycles: -22(1)T erminated successfullyIMAR-PC (=factLoop+0x10) IR-MemIMAR (=OxObffffec) PC-PC+4 (=fact Finish)No Stalls required.Cycles: -21 (1)T erminated successfullyBTA-PC+-20 (=f act Loop) PC-BTANo Stalls requiredNo Forwarding.intEXMEMWBCycles: .20(
11、2)T erminated successfullyNothing lo do.1 Stall(s) because of $huclural Hazard!No Forwarding.Cycles: -18(1)T erminated successfullyNothing to do.No Stalls required.Cycles: -17(1)T erminated successfullyNothing lo do.No Stalls required.fOK!结构相关:Infor重at ion about bfpt fact.Finishbfpt fact.FinishIFIDA
12、dr.: faclLoop+0x4Code: 0x1800000cT erminated successfulFirst Cycle: -26La$t Cycle: -21Total Cycles: 6Cycles: -26(1)Terminated successfullyI MAR -PC (=fact.Loop+0x4) IR-MemIMAR) (=0x1800000c) PC.PC+4 (=faclLoop+0x8)No Stalls required.Cycles: -25(2)T erminated successfullyBTA nicht gesprungen1 Stall(s
13、) because of structural Hazard!No Forwarding.intEXMEMWBCycles. -23(1)Terminated successfullyNothing to do.No Stalls required.No Forwarding.Cycles: -22(1)T erminated successfullyNothing to do.No Stalls required.Cycles: -21(1)T erminated successfullyNothing to doNo Stal$ required.|OD|分析：通过“气泡”（阻塞一个周期）解决，使不向指令不在同一周期对 资源进行访问；数据相关:Information about led f0,f4led f0,f4IFIDAdr.: fact LoopCode: 0x0404001 cT erminated successfullyFirst Cycle: -27Last Cycle: -22Total Cycles: 6Cycles: -27(1)T ermina(ed $ucce$fullyIMAR-PC (=faclLoop) IR-MemIMAR (=0x0404001 c) PC?PC+4 (=fact.Loop+0x4)No Stalls required
