《2021年高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料系列专题五短文改错》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年高考英语二轮专题精品复习资料系列专题五短文改错（10页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、学习必备欢迎下载专题五短文改错高考英语短文改错涉及词汇、语法、 句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑推断和综合辨析，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。短文改错以记叙文为主，题材和语言符合中学生实际；句子结构由以简单句为主逐渐过渡到以复合句和并列句为主。学生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。五年高考课标卷短文改错考点分布统计表考点题量年份动词名词连词形容词副词代词冠词介词2010 课标2 2 1 1 0 1 1 2 2011课标3 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 2012 课标3 1 0 1 1 3 0 1 2013 课标2 1 2 0 2 1 1 1 201
2、4 课标1 1 0 3 3 0 1 1 一、短文改错解题步骤1从语篇入手，理解文章大意短文改错不是单句改错，每一句的语意表达、结构选择是受上下文制约的。如谓语动词时态的选择， 代词的指代功能等都要依照上下文的线索进行判断。因此， 考生应立足于上下文，正确理解作者意图，把握短文的题材，从整体上把握全文。2在理解大意的基础上，审查句子结构通读全文， 了解文章大意、写作方式之后，应把主要注意力放在句子层次上，判断句子的表达是否符合行文逻辑，是否符合语法规范。从历年高考题来看，短文改错绝大多数题目还是句子层次的问题，侧重语言的准确性，所以，对句子结构正确与否的审查是关键的一步。3从语法结构入手，进行语
3、法改错在正误判断的基础上，根据语法规则改正句子中的错误之处。改错时应注意改错设计规律，如：有一项正确，九项错误；每一行只有一个错误；改动之处只能有一个词，或删掉或增词，或修改。4通读全文错误改完之后要通读全文，以检查改错过程中是否有因上下文制约疏忽导致的误改。二、短文改错解题技巧1正确理解做题要求，搞清楚改什么(改动一个单词，不是两个，也不是改标点符号)，怎么改 (删除、补漏、纠错)。答卷一定要规范，各种符号不能缺少，形式和位置要正确。2短文改错以句为单位设置错误。3并非每句都有错，但若做题结果为多句无错，则说明可能有未被发现的错误，需进一步查找。4拼写错误考点已被取消，不要把注意力用在寻找拼
4、错的单词上，但应注意名词的单复数形式是否有问题。5短文改错有别于单句改错，要重视文章的整体内容和前后照应。既要从单句入手检查语言错误， 又要从全文着眼发现行文逻辑方面的问题。注意句与句之间的关系、前后文之间的联系和统一，这样才能将在单个句子中不易发现的错误，如连词运用不当、人称混乱、前后矛盾等问题全部找出来，进行全面改正。6答题时，不仅要注意语法和用词方面的错误，还要注意篇章结构方面的错误。在不少情况下， 判断是否有错误不能只看某个词语本身，甚至不能只看某个句子本身，而要弄清文章的含义及内在的逻辑关系等，再根据上下文去判断。7要在弄清整篇内容的基础上，逐句寻查错误。可着重注意以下几个方面：(1
5、)看句子结构是否完整；(2)看文中的习惯用法、固定搭配是否正确；精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载(3)看上下文的逻辑是否合理；(4)看主谓是否一致，时态是否正确，冠词、代词、连词、关系代词和关系副词、名词的数和格、介词、形容词、副词使用是否得当。8短文改错题集多项语法规则和多种语言技能于一身，在约100 个词的短文中任何一处都可能出现错误。因此，解题时要力求判断准确，不要在本来正确的地方随意改动。(2014 高考新课标全国卷) Nearly five years
6、before ，and with the help by our father ，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果 )in our back garden.Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.As result，the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.There are
7、 so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 答案 1 第一句：beforeago此处讲述的是过去发生的事情， 和一般过去时连用的应是ago，before 常和完成时连用。2第一
8、句： byof with the help of. 在 的帮助下 ，为固定短语。3第二句： yearyears句中 year是可数名词 ，前面的 these应修饰复数形式的名词。4第二句： hadhave时间状语since then 通常和现在完成时连用，而不是过去完成时。5第三句：在result 前加 aas a result结果 ，为固定短语。6第三句： somewhereeverywhere根据句意可知此处表示“圣女果到处生长”， 所以用 everywhere。7第四句： tastetasty本句中 small，juicy 和 tasty 是并列的表语，所以要用形容词。8第五句： muc
9、h many根据前面的be 动词 are 和后面的them 可知应是代替可数名词复数的many。9第六句：删掉but 或 butyet引导让步状语从句的although 不能和连词but 连用 ，但是可以和副词yet 连用。所以可以删掉but， 也可以把 but 改为 yet。10第七句： wonderfully wonderful修饰名词时应用形容词。A(2014 太原二模 ) Dear Mr.Johnson，Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks were wanted in your company.I am eager to be o
10、ne of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Wang Ping.I was born Shanxi Province and Im in good healthy.I ve just graduated from the Physics Department of Shanxi University.I vedone well in all subject and I m especially good at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English a
11、nd doing some writing in English as well.Besides，I know a few French.And in my spare time ， I like to play the basketball very much.It is said that you company is very famous and is well managed.I ll be very glad whether I can work with you. Im looking forward to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely
12、，Wang Ping 答案：Dear Mr.Johnson，精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - -学习必备欢迎下载Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks werearewanted in your company.I am eager to be one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Wang Ping.I was born inShanxi Province and I
13、m in good healthyhealth.I vejust graduated from the Physics Department of Shanxi University.I vedone well in all subjectsubjectsand I m especially good at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and doingdosome writing in English as well.Besides ，I know a fewlittleFrench.And
14、 in my spare time ，I like to play /the basketball very much.It is said that youyourcompany is very famous and is well managed.I ll be very glad whetherifI can work with you. Im looking forward to hearhearingfrom you soon. Yours sincerely ，Wang Ping B(2014 云南第二次复习统一检测)Yesterday afternoon，I fell illne
15、ss all of a sudden.I was about to get up from the sofa while I felt dizzy as if everything were spinning around.Then my head ached a lot of.That is a kind of feeling you have when you get drunk.I go to the hospital nearby， where I was given a medical examination.To my relief，there was something seri
16、ously wrong with me.The doctor said the symptom was probably caused by too many pressure and tiredness.Now I think it necessarily to forget my work for little while.I need to taking some exercise every day and find ways to relax me.That really matters. 答案：Yesterday afternoon，I fell illnessillall of a sudden.I was about to get up from the sofa whilewhenI felt dizzy as if everything were spinning around.Then my head ached a lot /of.That is a kind of feeling you have when you get drunk.I gowentto t
