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1、高一英语Unit19 Modern agriculture单元检测及练习目标导引.单词及短语against,result,latest,depend,develop,short of,stand for.语法： 强调句型内容精讲.单词及短语精讲1.too + adj.+to do sth.太而不能eg:The water is too hot to drink.水太热了不能喝。但too+某些 adj.+to do sth 表示肯定意义，这些形容词有：anxious(焦急)，glad,willing(愿意)，ready,pleased,这时，tooto 表示“非常，很”。e.g.She is t
2、oo ready to promise.她轻易许诺。He was too glad to meet you.见到你他很高兴。2.against prep.(1)be against(反对)be in favor of,be for,be in agreement with,support(支持，同意)eg:Are you against the plan or for it 你反对还是支持这个计划？(2)(表反对，敌对)，be against(与相反，对抗)；warn sb against doing sth.(警告某人不要做某事)；fight against(为反对而战斗)。struggle
3、 against(为反对而斗争)，against ones will/wishes 违反的意愿。e.g.The girl was married against her will.这女孩违背自己的意愿结婚了。They played in a match against class 2.他们与二班比赛。(3)(表支撑)倚着，靠着，紧贴着e.g.He was leaning against the door.他倚着门。Place the ladder against the wall.把梯子靠墙放着。(4)(表对照)以为背景，衬托e.g.The picture shows up well agai
4、nst the white wall.这幅画在这白壁的衬托下很显眼。 (5)(表接触)碰，撞e.g.She fell down and hit her head against the ground.她倒了下来，头撞到地上。The rain beat against the windows.雨点打在窗户上。3.resultn.结果，效果e.g.His illness is the result of bad food.他的病起因于食物不良。Whats the result of the match.比赛的结果如何？as a result (of),因为，由于e.g.He was late as
5、 a result of the snow.因为大雪，他迟到了。v.引起结果，产生，发生e.g.If the police leave,disorder will result.警察一旦撤离，便会大乱。Failure results from laziness.失败起因于懒惰。Laziness results in failure.懒惰造成失败。4.latest adj. 最新的latest news 最新消息比较：late adj./ adv. 晚的，迟到later adv.后来lately adv.近来latter (n) adj. 与former相对，后者5.contain 与 incl
6、udecontain 意为“包含，容纳”container“容器”e.g.That box contains old letters 那盒子里装着旧信。That kind of vegetable contains VitaminA.那种蔬菜含有维生素A。include 意为“包括，把算在内”e.g.The price includes postage charges.这价钱包括邮费。Please include me in the list.请把我列入名单中。注意：included 用于名词后，包括在内的；including，prep.包括e.g.All of us,me included.
7、或All of us,including me.我们全体，包括我在内。.句子精讲6.What other changes have happened on farms in the last 100 years?在过去的100年里，在农田里还发生什么变化了？与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：just,this morning/year,since,all the time,recently,lately,so far,up till now,in the past/last few years 等等。e.g.He has lived here since he came here./since 1
8、0 years ago/since 1998/since last year.I havent seen him so far.到目前为止我还没看见他。They have made rapid progress in the past few years.在过去的几年里他们取得了快速的进步。7.Future agriculture should depend on high technology as well as traditional methods.未来农业不但应该依赖于传统方法还应该依靠高科技。depend on 与rely on(1)这两个词都可以表示“依靠，依赖”，depend
9、on 通常表示一种客观情况，有时说明一个规律，这种“依靠”的对象往往是主语存在或成功的原因。e.g.Children depend on the parents for food and clothing.孩子们的衣食要靠父母。rely on 表示主观上的选择和信托，“依靠”的对象往往是主语期待成功的一个因素。e.g.We rely on the strength of the people.我们依靠人民的力量。(2)表示“指望某人做某事”，用法意思基本相同：depend on/rely on sb.to do sthYou can depend on/rely on her to be la
10、te.你可以担保她必定迟到。(3)depend on 常表示“取决于，得看”在口语中一般省略on，e.g.It depends on whether he is interested.取决于他是否感兴趣。It all depends.一切视情形而定。(4)rely on 还可以表示“信任”，相当于trust.e.g.You may rely on his honesty.你可以信任他的诚实。8.The temperature is controlled with computers,or kept the same,no matter how the weather is outside.温度
11、由电脑控制，或保持恒温，不管外面的天气如何。control n./ vt. 控制，支配，管理e.g.Try to control your temper!控制一下你的脾气。The car went out of control.车失去了控制。It took the teacher months to bring her class under control.老师费了几个月功夫才把她班上的学生管好。常与control搭配的短语有：control oneself控制自己；have(no)control of(或over)能(不能)控制;lose control of失去对的控制remote co
12、ntrol遥控，traffic control交通管理beyond control无法控制；in control(of)控制住，管理under the control of受的管理；受的控制9.The condition of your soil is not good,you should improve it.你的土壤条件不好， 你应该加以改良。condition n.条件(可数)，多指生活，工作，气候等条件e.g.Their working conditions must be improved.他们的工作条件必须改善。on condition that 条件是e.g.You may b
13、orrow the book,on condition that you dont lend it to anyone else.你可以借这本书，条件是你不可以借给任何人。.语法精讲10.强调句型公式：It is / was + 被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。注意：(1)其他成分中的谓语动词是现在时态用it is,若是过去时态则用it was.(2)被强调部分为句子的主语、宾语或状语。(3)被强调部分为人，既可用who,也可用that;若为其他只能用that.1.They plant trees on the hill every spring.(1)强调主语：It is they
14、that/who plant tress on the hill every spring.Who is it that plant trees on the hill every spring.(2)强调宾语：It is trees that they plant on the hill every spring.What is it that they plant on the hill every spring.(3)强调地点状语：It is on the hill that they plant trees every spring.Where is it that they plan
15、t trees every spring.(4)强调时间状语：It is every spring that they plant trees on the hill.When is it that they plant trees on the hill.2.强调notuntil句型时，应把not until一起放在It is /was 之后e.g.I didnt realize I was wrong until then.It was not until then that I realized I was wrong.3.强调句型的反意疑问句应反问it,遵循前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。e.g.It is I who tell you a story,isnt it 4.强调句型与时间状语从句的区别，去掉it is/wasthat 之后，把被强调部分还到原来的位置看句意是否完整，则为强调句型，若不完整则为时间状语从句。e.g.It was at 5 oclock that he arrived home.(强调句)It was 5 ocl
