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1、复合句考点直击 1宾语从句1宾语从句的引导词及语序(1)that引导的陈述句作宾语时，that本身没有意义，可以省略。如：The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。(2)whether 或 if 引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语从句时，从句改用陈述语序。if/ whether意为“是否”，但与or连用分别引导两个分句，或用于不定式前、介词后或直接与 or not 连用时，只能用whether。如：I dont know whether he will come or not. 我不知道他是否会来。It depends o
2、n whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。(3)连接代词which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why, when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，从句改用陈述语序。如：Please tell me which one you like. 请告诉我你喜欢哪一个。May I ask who you will invite to give a talk? 我可以问你要邀请谁来做报告吗？2宾语从句的时态宾语从句中讲究时态呼应。即当主句谓语动词是现在时时，从句使用相对应的现在时；当主句谓语动词是过去时时，从句要用相对应
3、的过去时；当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，仍然用一般现在时。如：He told me that he would leave for London. 他告诉我他要去伦敦。Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 我们老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。3宾语从句与否定转移动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等后面的宾语从句的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：I dont think that he is h
4、onest. 我认为他是不诚实的。4宾语从句与简单句的转换由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词to do”结构的简单句。如：I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say. 我不知道说什么。2状语从句1各类状语从句及其引导词如下表所示：从句名称 引导词时间状语从句when, as, while (当的时候), before(在之前), after(在之后), until(直到为止), as soon as(一就), since(自从)条件状语从句if(如果), unless(除非), as long as (只要)地点
5、状语从句where(哪里), wherever(无论哪里)原因状语从句because(因为), as(由于), since(既然)目的状语从句so that(以便), in order that(为了，目的是)让步状语从句though(虽然), although(虽然), even ifeven though(即使)比较状语从句than(比), asas(和一样), not so/asas(不如)结果状语从句so that, sothat, suchthat(如此以至于)2.时间和条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则。即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。如：Ill call you
6、as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你打电话。If you have time, Ill ask you some questions. 如果你有时间，我要问你一些问题。3if/when同时引导宾语从句和状语从句。如：I dont know if he will come. If he comes, I will tell him the truth.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来，我将告诉他真相。I dont know when he will come tomorrow. When he comes, I will tell him the truth. 我不知道他明天
7、什么时候来。当他来时，我将告诉他真相。4because与so, although/though与but不能同时用在一个主从复合句中。如：Though/Although they were very tired, they kept working. 尽管他们很累，但仍然继续工作。3定语从句1关于定语从句的概念(1)定语从句是在复合句中充当定语的从句，通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后面。(2)先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 (3)关系词是引导定语从句的词。2引导定语从句的关系词： 关系代词有who(whose, whom), which, that；关系副词有when, where, why
8、。3关系代词的基本用法作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose4关系副词的基本用法关系副词when, where和why在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。如：This is the place where we spent our holidays last year. 这就是我们去年度假的地方。Ill never forget the day when I graduated from college. 我将永远不会忘记我大学毕业的那一天。I dont know the reason why
9、he didnt attend the meeting yesterday. 我不知道他昨天没有出席会议的原因。5只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况(1)当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等词修饰时。如：I have nothing that is worth reading. 我没有什么值得一读的东西。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the last
10、 等修饰时。如：This is the very pen that I am looking for. 这正是我在找的钢笔。(3)先行词既包括人又包括物时。如：The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them.我听说的那位教授和他的成就受到了他们的钦佩。(4)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，定语从句多用that引导。如：Who is the man that is talking to Mr White? 在和怀特先生交谈的那个人是谁？考点过关基础过关()1.Mr Smit
11、h _ is smoking is looking for_ he lost yesterday. A. whom; whichB. who; what C. that; who D. which; where()2. The EnglishChinese dictionary_ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whose B. whenCwho D. that()3. Could you tell me_？ Id like to take part in it. On July 5th. A.
12、 when will the fashion show be heldB. when the fashion show will be heldC. where will the fashion show be heldD. where the fashion show will be held()4. We will go for a picnic if it_ tomorrow.A. doesnt rain B. wasnt rainyC. wont rain D. wasnt raining()5. The light in his office is still on. Do you
13、know_？To prepare for tomorrows meeting.A. if he works hardB. why he stays up so lateC. why is he so busyD. when he will stop working()6. A true friend can see the pain in your eyes_ everyone else believes the smile on your face.A. while B. becauseC. before D. until 中考透视()1.2014河南 Excuse me, can you
14、tell me_？Sorry, I dont know. You can go to the information desk.Athat there is a train Bwhen the train leavesCwhich train can I take Dwhere does the train go ()2.2014十堰 He likes lowcarbon life. He lives in the house _ he built himself out of trash.Awhere BwhatCwhich Din which()3.2014兰州 We wonder if our teachers _ to our graduating party next weekend. If they _， well be very happy.Awill come; will come Bcome; will come Cwill come; come Dcome; come()4.2014河北 I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder _Awhere you buy the tickets Bwhy y
