《2021年名词性从句讲义及综合练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年名词性从句讲义及综合练习（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、精品资料欢迎下载名词性从句空课讲义三答案在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句；它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句 ；名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化；分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方 面1. 考查引导词 that 与 what 的区分2. 考查 it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法3. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区分4. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题一、名词性从句的连接词主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子
2、中所起的作用，相当于一个名词；因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句；引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词： that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词： when, where, how, why二、详细分类 ：1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句；主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether ，if 和连接代词what， who ， which ， whatever，whoever 以及连接副词 how ， when， where， why 等词引导；
3、that 在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分；例如：1) What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，仍不清晰；2) It is known to us how he became a writer .我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的；3) Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举办，仍没有宣布；4) That the earth moves around th
4、e sun 地球环绕太阳转 is a truth.5) Whoever studies hard任何努力学习的人 will pass the exam.6) What I told you 我所告知你的 just now was what had been written in the letter. 7Whether I accept the gift or refuse it我是接受礼物仍是拒绝它is none of your business.有时用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末；常用句型如下：a. It + be +形容词 + that- 从句It i
5、s necessary important, obvious,true,natural,surprising,good, wonderful,funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.that 有必要 /重要的是 从句用虚拟语气 b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that- 从句It is believed said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged, etc.that人们信任 c. It + be +名词+ that- 从句It is common knowl
6、edge no wonder,an honor,a goodthing,a pity,nosurprise, etc.that是常识d. It+不及物动词 +that- 分句It appears / happens/ occurred to sb that好像 8). 他没有想到 Jack 能够把这道题目做出来；It didn t occur to him that Jack could figure it out.9). 真古怪你这样说；It is strange that you should say so.10). 英语正被接受为国际的语言，这是事实；It is a fact that
7、English is regarded as an International language.2. 宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语1. You can write about 无论什么 topic you like.whatever 2. He madequite clearhe wouldnt change his mind.it; that3). You may choose from 从剩下的东西中 .what is left4). I dont doubtmy friend John will come to China soon.that 5. I doubthe will come
8、 or not. whether6. I dont thinktrue that he came to the concert yesterday. it 7. She told her pupils that the earth is round. 不用 was8.He said that he would spend his winter holiday in London this year andthat it would bethe first time he would spend his holiday alone abroad.规律总结：(1) 主句的谓语是 make, fin
9、d , see, hear 等，而且带有复合宾语时，可把宾语从句放在宾补之后，用 it 作形式宾语；(2) 某些 adj. 如 sure, happy, glad, certain 等，以及一些非谓语动词之后可带宾从；(3) 主句的谓语动词假如是现在时或将来时 ,宾语从句的谓语动词可以不受限制 .主句的谓语动词假如是过去时 ,就宾语从句的谓语动词通常必需 用过去的各种时态 ,这叫时态的一样性 .但有两种情形不受事态一样性的约束,即宾语从句中有详细的时间或叙述的内容是真理、客观事实；(4) doubt 的宾语从句：在否定句中用that，确定句中用whether.(5) 5 用 who ， who
10、m,which,whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever 等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特别疑问句，应留意句子语序要用陈述语序； 例 1 3(6) 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that that 从句一般不能充当介词宾语，有时可作except, in ， but 的宾语 ；如：Tom is a nice boy ，except that he is sometimes late for school.汤姆是个很棒的男孩，除了有时上学迟到；His request is unre
11、asonable in that he knows we cant afford it.他的要求是不合理的 , 由于他知道我们负担不起； 宾语从句中的虚拟语气I insist that she should do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作；The commander ordered that troops should set off at once.司令员命令部 队马 上出 发；规律总结：在 demand，order，advise, recommend, propose, suggest，decide，insist ，desire，request， command,
12、require 等表示要求、 命令、建议、打算等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用 “（ should）+ 动词原形 ”；3. 表语从句 The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场竞赛； That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的缘由； It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了； The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morn
13、ing Shenzhen is not what it was 10 years ago.规律总结：1. 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句；引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后， 有时用 as if 引导； 其基本结构为： 主语 + 系动词 + that 从句；2. that 不省略3. 需要留意的，当主语是reason 时，表语从句要用that 引导而不是 because；表语从句中的虚拟语气：在advice,suggestion, proposal, recommendation,demand, request, requirement, command,
14、 order 等名词后面的表语从句中，句子要用虚拟语气；如：My suggestionis that we should give him another chance. Her requirement is that she should be sent to Tibet to work.4. 同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的详细内容；同位语从句通常由that 引导， 规律总结：可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt 、fact、 hope、idea、information 、message、news、order、problem 、promise 、question、request、suggestion、truth 、wish 、word等；The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场竞赛的消息令人兴奋；I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来；The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能玛丽
