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1、2022届黑龙江省青冈县高三上学期期初考试英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAmazing ScientistsWho Happen to Be TeenagersWeve got a list of teen scientists from a variety of fields.Jack AndrakaJack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer that he says is 168 times faster 26,667 times less expensive
2、 and 400 times more sensitive than technology nowadays.Hes the youngest person to have spoken in front of the Royal Society of Medicine.Taylor WilsonTaylor Wilson was the youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion（核聚变）.He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fai
3、ls to build a nuclear reactor.Taylor thought he could do better. Long story short, he wanted to build a small nuclear reactor. And he did it at the age of fourteen. He received a Thiel Fellowship, which gave him $100,000 to work on his own research.Sara VolzSara Volz performed experiments in which s
4、he grew algae（藻类）based on their oil output for the purpose of growing them as biofuel. This research is especially important as the world continues to search for a way to lessen our dependence on non-renewable energy. She won the top prize of $100,000 in the Intel Science Talent Search.Daniel BurdPl
5、astic usually takes thousands of years to decompose（降解），but this high school student Daniel Burd managed to do it in three months.In an experiment, he mixed plastic bags and a special kind of dirt together, and found that they did decompose faster. He then performed tests to find the bacteria（细菌）res
6、ponsible for decomposing the plastics.His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used elsewhere.1. Who designed a medical instrument?A. Sara Volz.B. Daniel Burd.C. Jack Andraka.D. TaylorWilson.2. What excited Taylor Wilsons interest in his invent
7、ion?A. A novel by a kid.B. Plastic pollution.C. Energy shortage.D. A story book.3. What do wc know about Daniel Burds invention?A. It won him a $100,000 prize.B. It does little harm to the environment.C. It was completed in three months.D. It is widely used in everyday waste.【答案】l.C 2.D3. B【分析】这是一篇说
8、明文。文章介绍了几位令人惊讶的科学家以及他们的发明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据 Jack Andraka 中的 Jack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer that he says is 168 times faster, 26,667 times less expensive and 400 times more sensitive than technology nowadays/4杰克安德拉卡(Jack Andraka)发明了一种用于癌症的生物传感器，他表示，这种 传感器的速度比现在的技术快168倍，价格便宜26667倍，灵敏度高400倍。”
9、可知，Jack Andraka设计了医疗器械。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据 Taylor Wilson 中 He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.46他的灵感来自放射性童子军(The Radioactive Boy Scout),这是一本讲述一个孩子试图建造核反应堆却失败的小说。可知，一 本故事书激发了泰勒威尔逊对他的发明的兴趣。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据 Daniel Burd 中 His
10、solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide.He says it could easily be used elsewhere/4他的解决方案只产生水和少量的二氧化碳。 他说，它可以很容易地用于其他地方。由此判断出，Daniel Burd的发明对环境几乎没有危 害。故选B。BEveryone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things
11、with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We dont always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.No two people are the same. Sometimes friends dont get along well, which doesnt mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on bein
12、g friends. Sometimes friends move away, then we feel very sad. We miss them much, but we can call them and write to them. Maybe we would never see them again, and we can make new friends- It is suiprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their
13、 children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.Theres more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than th
14、ose people who dont. Why? It could be that they arc happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.4. The first paragraph tells us.A. none needs friendsB. we need to be aloneC. we always need frie
15、nds around us lifeD. making friends is the need in peoples5. Which of the following is the most probable place people name after friendly people?A. A house.B. A room,village.C A library.D. A6. If people have friends, they would live longer, becauseA. they don* t feel lonely.friendsB they get a lot o
16、f help from theirC. they take better care of their friends7. This passage tells us.A. that people are all friendsC. how to get to know friends【答案】4. D 5.C6. D 7. BD. they feel happier and healthierB. that people need friendsD. how to name a place【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们需要朋友并解释了原因。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Everyone needs friends. We all like to
