《话说“AND”在句中的不同含义范文》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《话说“AND”在句中的不同含义范文（12页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、话说“AND”在句中的不同含义话说“AND”在句中的不同含义 作者：湖北葛洲坝高级中学 唐亚兰 and 是英语中的常用词，在语法中称作连接词或并列连词，通常连接两个并列的语言单位，其汉语意思可译为“和、与、及、同、并、兼”等。有时甚至不必直接译出这些对应的汉语词。如： 1. I like English and mathematics. 我非常喜欢英语和数学。 2. Have you read the novel“War and Peace”？ 你看过战争与和平这部小说吗？ 3. The concept of velocity includes the idea of direction an
2、d magnitude.速度的概念包括方向及大小两层意思。 4. The Peoples Republic of China and many countries in the world have already established diplomatic relations. 中华人民共和国已同世界上许多国家建立了外交关系。 5. Take your time, and read more correctly. 别急，并读得更准确些。 6. He is a stateman and poet. 他是位政治家兼诗人。 7. Promote physical culture and buil
3、d up the peoples health. 发展体育运动，增强人民体质。 然而，有时and连接的并不是两个意义上并列的语言单位，其翻译方式是灵活而多变的。正因如此，它常未引起人们的注意，导致阅读和翻译上的错误。其实，and有着很多细微的内在意义，需要细心斟酌。本文着重将在句中的不同含义作一分析比较。 一. and在连接分句时的不同含义 1. 第二分句与第一分句形成对比，and,可译为“但，却，而，反之”等，如： (1) Yale is clever and Kathy is dull. 耶尔聪明，而凯茜迟钝。 (2) Bobby is secretive and Mike is cand
4、id. 博比守口如瓶，而迈克却爽快坦率。 (3) Vera is interested in music and Jay is fond of sports. 维拉对音乐感兴趣，而杰伊爱好体育。 (4) He brought me sandwich, and I helped him do his English homework. 他给我拿三明治，而我帮他做英语作业。 (5) My sister is eighteen and I am fifteen. 我姐姐十八岁，而我十五岁。 (6) Eat to live , and not live to eat. 吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃
5、饭。 2. 第二句对第一句有惊奇之感，第一句则带有让步语气，前后分句表示转折关系。这种修辞法为的是加强第二句的未预料性，and (=but, yet), 可译为“但是，然而，反而，却”等，如： (1) Jesse tried hard and he failed. 杰西很卖力，却失败了。 (2) There is a talk, and no action. 尽是空谈，毫无行动。 (3) She talked little, and did much. 她说得少，但干得多。 (4) He is Jack of all trades, and master of none. 他样样都会，但门门不
6、精。 (5) She has misunderstood me, and I wish to do her justice. 尽管她误解了我，但我还要公平对待她。 (6) He was trying to do a good deed, and this is what he got in return.他本来想做好事，却得到这样的回报。 3. 表示动作的先后，第二分句是第一分句连续性行为动作或状态，前后分句为递进关系。如表示同一个主语的先后动作，第二分句可主语，and，可译为“后来，然后，接着，又”等，如： (1) His father locked the door, and went t
7、o work. 他父亲锁上门就上班去了。 (2) The back door opened, and a detective came in. 后门开了，然后一个侦探进来。 (3) I told her what happened and left. 我告诉她发生什么事之后，就离开了。 (4) Tina put her face close to mine and smiled. 蒂娜把脸往前凑了凑，接着笑了。 (5) Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table. 托尼见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。 4. 第二分句是第一分句的结果，前后分
8、句具有因果关系，and(=so, therefore ,as a result),可译为“因此，所以，于是，就，便”等，如： (1) He heard a cry for help, and he rushed out of the office . 他听到有人喊救命，就冲出了办公室。 (2) Jack was ill and couldnt come to school this morning.杰克病了，所以今天早晨不能到校。 (3) The sun was shining , and clothes dried.太阳照耀着，于是衣服就干了。 (4) She missed the scho
9、ol bus and had to take a taxi.她把校车误了，于是不得不打的。 (5) A visitor struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. 一位客人在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。 (6) I had too much for my lunch and was sick . 我因午饭吃得过多而感到不舒服。 5. 第一分句是第二分句的假定条件，前后分句表示条件和结果关系，and，可译为“如果就会，那么，就”等，如： (1) Try again and you will succeed. 再试
10、一次，你就会成功。 (2) Work hard and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你就会通过考试。 (3) Give me one more hour and Ill be able to finish the test. 再给我一小时，我就能够完成这个试验。 (4) Press the button and the door opens by itself. 按一下按钮，门就会自动打开。 (5) One foot nearer, and you are a dead man. 再走近一步，我就要你的命。 (6) Speak the truth, and you
11、 need have no shame. 说老实话，你就不必害羞。 (7) Do that again and Ill call a policeman! 如果你再那么干，我就会叫警察来。 6. 第二分句是对第一分句的评注，and可省译，如： (1) Dick often helps me with my study, and thats very kind of him.迪克常帮助我学习，他很热心。 (2) Ive had a bowl of rice, and Im very hungry.我只吃了一碗米饭，现在还很饿。 (3) Shirley cant go with us ， and
12、thats too bad .雪莉不能同我们一起去，太可惜了。 (4) They disliked Kim and thats not surprising.他们不喜欢基姆，那是毫不奇怪的。 (5) I have something important to do this afternoon, and you know it.今天下午我有重要事要做，你是知道的。 7. 第二分句与第一分句相似，纯属附加补充，前后分句表示并列关系，and(=similarly or also, in addition),可译为“同时，并且，而且，另外，也，又”等，如： (1) Mr. Brown is our
13、English teacher, and an expert in translation.布朗先生是我们的英语教师，也是一位翻译专家。 (2) Monkeys cant swim, and tigers cant climb trees.猴子不会游泳，老虎不会上树。 (3) Lorna studies very hard, and she often gets up early for reading aloud.洛娜学习非常刻苦，她常早起朗读课文。 (4) Every autumn the leaves fell from the trees, and some of the plants
14、 withered .每年秋天，树叶落了，有些植物也枯萎了。 (5) Would you please lend me one of the new magazines? and the latest one.你能帮我借一本新杂志吗？要最新的杂志。 (6) Tony always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.托尼总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。 8. 后一分句对前一分句起强调作用或加强语气，and(=also),可译为“而且”，如： (1) He did the work, and he did it well.他做
15、了这件事，而且做得好。 (2) You must tell him and tell him at once.你一定要告诉他，而且要马上告诉他。 (3) She speaks English, and speaks very fluently.她讲英语，而且讲得非常流利。 (4) In the world, the teachers and the teachers alone can teach us knowledge. 世界上，老师，只有老师，才能教我们知识。 二. and 在连接两个动词时的不同含义 1. 表示目的，and相当于to的语法作用，但and要比to的语气重，多用于祈使语气中或动词原形后，带有命令、建议、劝告等含义。在这种结构中，and前面常用的动词有come, go, learn , mind, remember, run
