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1、The Past Participle used as the Predicative and AdverbialUnit 5 Music过去分词作表语和状语1.To learn the usage of V-ed form used as predicative and adverbial in a sentence.2.To master what we learn in this period and apply them to exercises.Learning Goals:问题导学：自学金版教程Section 3 ,找出下列问题的答案。1.过去分词作表语的定义；2.过去分词和现在分
2、词作表语的区别是什么？3.过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别是什么？4.过去分词作状语的功能和种类；5.过去分词作状语的注意事项；6.过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别是什么？Describe the following pictures.The boy is a_ in reading a book.The people are e_.The boy is s_.xcitedbsorbedsurprisedPast participle serving as the predicative.点拨精讲：读下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词在句中作表语的区别。1.All of us were so dis
3、appointed at his absence. 2.Climbing is tiring and we are completely tired after a days climbing.过去分词和现在分词作表语都用于说明主语“怎么样”.现在分词表 _；而过去分词表_。Difference:主语的特点/特征，含有“令人”之意主语的状态，含“感到”之意类似常用的过去分词有 interested, excited, surprised, puzzled, amused, confused, embarrassed, satisfied; 类似常用的现在分词有 interesting, exc
4、iting, surprising, puzzling, amusing, confusing, embarrassing, satisfying。PracticeTask 1 Linda is talking with his father. Use the correct form of the verb to fill in each blank.(1) tired (2) burned (3) bored (4) disappointing (5) pleased (6) challenging (7) relaxed.读下列句子，说出过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。1.The sto
5、re is now closed. 2.The library is usually closed at 8：00 pm. 3.The novel is well written. 4.The novel is written by Lu Xun. 5.The cup is broken.6.The cup is broken by Tom.(系表)(系表)(被动)(被动)过去分词作表语，常常强调或说明_；过去分词在被动语态中，则强调_。Difference:主语的状态动作(系表)(被动) 读句子，说出过去分词作状语的功能.Built thirty years ago, the house l
6、ooks very beautiful.过去分词作状语，修饰_，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的：过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的_。谓语动词动宾关系读句子，说出过去分词作状语的种类.(1)Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. =After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.(2)Given m
7、ore time, we could do it much better. =If we were given more time, we could do it much better.(3) Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. =Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。作原因状语，可转换为as
8、, since或because等引导状语从句(4)Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. =Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.(5) He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.(6) Mrs Wu came in, followed by her daughter. Mrs Wu came in and s
9、he was followed by her daughter.作让步状语 ，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。作方式状语 ，如有连词as if，就可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构。作伴随状语 ，一般可转换为并列结构。Key points.1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when, while, if, though, as if, unless, until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Eg.Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easi
10、ly forgotten. When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.2.过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致(现在分词作 状语同样如此)，否则需加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 Given a chance, we can surprise the world. He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.3.有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而重在描述 主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的
11、有:lost (迷失的), seated (坐), hidden (隐藏的), lost/absorbed in (沉浸于), dressed in (穿着)等。 Lost in thought, he didnt hear the bell.读句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.1.Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. 从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。 (see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)2.Seen from the hill, the city looks
12、 like a big garden. 从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。 (see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)过去分词作状语:现在分词作状语：Difference:过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。课堂小结：(1)同义句转换Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. When he was told that his mother was ill ， Li Lei
13、 hurried home quickly. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. If I am compared with you ， I still have a long way to go. Mocked at by everybody, he had my sympathy. Although he was mocked at by everybody, he had my sympathy.Greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of thing
14、s to help his classmates. Because/As he was greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurse. The patient got off the bed, and he was supported by the nurse.当堂检测：1).When _ (offer) help, one often says “Thank
15、 you” or “Its kind of you.2)._(Separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 3). Generally speaking, if _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.4). He glanced at her, _( note) that th
16、ough she was tiny, she seemed very well. 5). The teacher came into the lab, _(follow) by some students. 6)._ (sleep) late in the morning, he turned off the alarm oclock. 7)._(see) from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.8) ._(see) the sunset from the hill, he felt relaxed.9). _(lose) in the woods, he was finally saved by the police.offeredSeparatedtakennotingfollowedTo sleepSeen Seeing Lost(2)单句语法填空3. 用所给词的适当形式填空Hearing the _ news, we all felt _. (encourage)The girl looked at me with a _ ex
