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1、高中英语语法基础定语从句学问点归纳讲解（附同步练习）一、定语从句的两个要点：先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；通常情形下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词；关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词；也可以称作引导词；关系代词：who ， whom ， which ，that， whose， as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分；关系副词：when， where， why 在从句内作状语；二、定语从句的关系词 引导词 用法精讲：（一） . 使用 who 、whom 、which 、that 的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball ver
2、y well. This is the teacher who is teaching us English. who指人 , 在从句中作主语；2. whomThis is the boy whom I often help.The man is our headmaster whom you met just now. I met the girl whom you often praise. whom 指人 ,在从句中作宾语, 可省略；3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows. This is the farm which I visit
3、 every year. which指事物 , 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略；4. that以上三种情形均可用that；指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略；（二） . 使用 whose 的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north. I work in a school whose students are excellent. whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的 ”或“某物的 ”； whose 在从句中做定语；（
4、三） . 只能用 that引导定语从句的情形(1) 先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much I will do all that I can to help you.Parents try to offer everything that children need.There is not much that I can do here.(2) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时；This is the first English novel that I have ever read. This is
5、 the last lesson that I will give you.This is the best film that I have ever seen.(3) 先行词被the only, the very修饰时；1This is the only thing that I can do for you. This is the very book that I am looking for.(4) 人和物同时作先行词时；We talked about the things and people that we saw in the foreign country.(5) 防止重复：
6、 who / which开头的疑问句； Who is the man that is standing over there. Which is the book that you want to borrow.(6) 当引导词在定语从句中作表语时，引导词也可省略；He is no longer the man that he was.= He is no longer what he was. 表语从句 （四） . 使用 “介词 + which ”和“介词 + whom”的定语从句This is the village in which / where I was born.Physics
7、is a subject in which I am very interested.This is the man with whom I am working.I have many friends, most of whom are businessmen.I have two sisters, both of whom live in the countryside.区分：This is the garden which I am looking after. look after, take care of, look for等固定词组，介词不行分开；（五） . 使用 where,
8、when, why的定语从句1. whereThis is the village where I was born.区分： This is the village which has many green houses. This is the shop where I buy bread. This is the shop which sells bread.This is the school where I am working. This is the school which has many good teachers and students.where指地点，代替表示地点的介
9、词短语介词 +先行词 ，在从句中作状语；which指事物，在从句中做主语/ 宾语，不做状语； 当 point, situation ， conditions 等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由 where 引导Can you think out a situation this word can be used.Her illness has developed to the point nobody can cure her.2. whenI ll never forget the dayws hen we studied together.区分：I ll never forget the
10、dayswhich we spent together.We are living in an age when many things are done on computer. We are living in an age which is seeing great changes.when 指时间，代替表示时间的介词短语介词 +先行词 ，在从句中作状语；which,指时间，在从句中做主语/宾语，不做状语；3. whyHe told me the reason why he didn t come to school.区分：The reason which he gave us is n
11、ot true.why指缘由，代替for the reason, 在从句中作状语；which指缘由 , 在从句中做主语/宾语 , 不做状语；2例题：1) They will have to put off his concert until next month, he finishes his travel around the world. when = next month ；在从句中作状语2) Anyway, that evening, Imlol treellayboouut later, I ended up staying at Rachel s place. which = t
12、hat evening ；在从句中作宾语3) Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. where = in the race ；在从句中作状语4) Because of the financial crisis, days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. when = during the days ；在从句中作状语5) The reason he rejected our plan is that
13、 he had no faith in us. why = for the reason ；在从句中作状语6) The professor listed a number of cases people shouldn t talk to strangers. where = in the cases；在从句中作状语7) I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own. where = at the point ；在从句中作状语8) It s helpful to put children
14、in a situation they can see themselves differently. where = in the situation ；在从句中作状语9) Later in this chapter c ases will be introduced to readers consumers complaints have resulted in chang the law. where = in the cases；在从句中作状语（六） . way 做先行词，用in which / that引导定从 , 或省略，引导词在从句中作状语；1) I like the way i
15、n which / that you talk.2) I don t like the way in which / that she whispers in others ears.区分：We must learn to act in ways do not harm other living things. （ that；作主语）三、非限制性定语从句（ 一）非限制性定语从句，先行词后有逗号；先行词常为 “人名或地名 ” ,定语从句对其说明作用不大,完全可以省略；不能使用that, 其他依据情形均可使用；1. Football, is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. which2. My father, is a kind man, works in this
