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1、一、Fill in the blanks (110 = 10) 1. The four basic types of bonding arrangements which hold atoms together are the _ bond, _ bond, ionic bond and the van der Waals forces. 2. One of the main factors on the brittle nature of glass is the _. 3. The small molecules in polymers are termed _, the reaction
2、s by which they combine are termed _. 4. A property of a material is determined by analyzing the _ of the material to some outside influence, generally by means of a _ standard test. 5. Hardened concrete should be _, strong, watertight and resistant to abrasion. 6. It is the behavior and properties
3、of the _ that generally control the properties of composites. 7. _ is not only one of the most abundant elements in the earth s crust, but it is also the most abundant metal in the earth s crust. 二、True or false (indicate with “” or “” , 110 = 10) 1. All amorphous materials are glasses. 2. Magnesium
4、 is the lightest of all structural metals. 3. Al2O3 纤维和Al基体组成颗粒增强复合材料。4. The constituent atoms of glass and ceramics are stacked together in a regular repeating pattern. 5. The weight ratio of water to cement in concrete is called water-cement ratio. 6. The copper-zinc alloys are referred to as bras
5、ses. 7. The basic unit of the traditional ceramic is the SiO4 tetrahedron. 8. 纤维增强树脂是一种复合材料，而混凝土不是复合材料。9. The aluminum oxide is (Al2O3) is typical type of metal and is a good heat and electric conductor. 10. The crystalline state of a solid is more stable than amorphous state. 三、Choose the right ans
6、wer (1 10 = 10) 1. More than 90% of the glass in use is based on oxides and in particular _. a. oxides b. salts c. calcium d. silica 2. A material that will not deform plastically under load is said to be _. Excessive cold working causes loss of _. a. tough b. brittle c. value d. ductility 3. Most m
7、etals occur in nature as compounds which must be _ to free the metal. a. reduced b. oxidized c. extracted d. excavated 4. Polymers vary in their mechanical behavior depending on the degree of _ , degree of crosslinking, and the values of Tg and Tm. 历史老照片不能说的秘密慈禧军阀明末清初文革晚清a. structure b. crystallinit
8、y c. melting point d.Tg 5. One of the main factors on the brittle nature of glass is the presence of _. a. surface defect b ionic bonds c. chemical reaction d. physical properties 6. The two main raw materials for producing cement are limestone and _. a. iron b. aluminum c. coal d. clay 7. The ducti
9、lity of a material is investigated with the _ test. a. compression b. shear c. tensile d. torsion 8. 用铝合金制作门窗是利用铝合金_的优点。a. 不 易 腐 蚀 b. 硬 度 较 大 c. 熔 点 较 低 d. 导 热 良好 9. The chain polymerization starts with the _ reaction. a. initiation b. addition polymerization c. propagation d. termination 四、Terms an
10、d definitions (4 5 = 20) 1. Polymer 2. Ductility 3. Free radical 4. Physical properties 5. Packing factor 五、Questions and replies (8 4 = 32) 1. How are the porosity defined in normal ceramics based on the connectivity? and how is the strength of ceramics affected by pores? 2. How many kinds of compo
11、sites can be classified based on the form of the matrix? Please list the factors influencing the properties of the polymer-matrix composites. 3. Please explain why metals are good electrical conductors and most ceramics are good electrical insulators in regard to their atomic bonding. 4. 简述填料在复合材料中的
12、作用。六、Read and discuss (9 2 = 18) 1. Ceramic materials are generally things like tile, bricks, plates, glass, and toilets. They can be found in products like watches (quartz tuning forks-the time keeping devices in watches), snow skies (piezoelectric-ceramics that stress when a voltage is applied to
13、them), automobiles (sparkplugs and ceramic engine parts found in racecars), and phone lines. They can also be found on space shuttles, appliances (enamel coatings), and airplanes (nose cones). Depending on their method of formation, ceramics can be dense or lightweight. Typically, they will demonstr
14、ate excellent strength and hardness properties; however, they are often brittle in nature. Ceramics can also be formed to serve as electrically conductive materials, objects allowing electricity to pass through their mass, or insulators, materials preventing the flow of electricity. Some ceramics, l
15、ike superconductors, also display magnetic properties. Question: Please explain the major advantages of ceramics that we consider when choosing the ceramic for certain applications and main disadvantage? 2. Strength test of concrete is undoubtedly the most common type of test to evaluate the propert
16、ies of hardened concrete. The compressive strength of concrete at 28 days is almost universally adopted as the basis for structural calculations. It is also used to designate concrete. When concrete is placed on site, samples of concrete are taken to make cubes (or cylinders) that are cured in a specified condition and tested at different ages. Question: Please explain why the strength of concrete is generally used to evaluate the quality of hardened concrete. 标准答案（ A 卷 ）一、Fill in the blanks (11
