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1、ADVANCE FIRE EXTINGUISHER TRAINING推动灭火器培训,1. Human safety First人身安全第一 2. Property safety Second财产安全第二,Content内容,1. Objectives目标 2. Introduction引言 3. Principle of extinguishing fires 灭火器原理 4. Combustion Versus explosion 火灾与爆炸 5. Portable fire extinguishers便携式灭火器 6. Operating a DCP Fire extinguisher 操
2、作干粉灭火器 P. A. S. S 法 7. Operating a CO2 Fire extinguisher 操作二氧化碳灭火器 P. A. S. S. 法 8. Practical use & extinguishing a fire making use of the one man and team approach. 实际应用与一人和团体灭火方法,1. Objectives目标,To give the attendee an understanding of the different types of hand held fire extinguishers, trolley u
3、nits and fixed installations为了使参与者了解不同类型的手提灭火器，手推车组件和固定装置。 To stress the Importance of quick reaction by one person during the initial stage of the fire as well as the importance of team work and safety during attacking a larger major fire.为了强调人在火灾的初步阶段的快速反映的重要性以及在灭重大火灾中团体合作与安全的重要性。 To give the atte
4、ndee an overview of the different methods and tactics to use during extinguishing and containing small and large fire. This module will help you to fight fires with comfort without endangering your or that of your fellow employees为了让参与者了解在灭小型火灾和大型火灾的过程中的使用的不同方法和策略的概述。此模块将帮助你安心灭火，不会对你和你的同事的生命构成威胁。,Co
5、ntent内容,1. Objectives目标 2. Introduction引言 3. Principle of extinguishing fires 灭火器原理 4. Combustion Versus explosion 火灾与爆炸 5. Portable fire extinguishers便携式灭火器 6. Operating a DCP Fire extinguisher 操作干粉灭火器 P. A. S. S 法 7. Operating a CO2 Fire extinguisher 操作二氧化碳灭火器 P. A. S. S. 法 8. Practical use & exti
6、nguishing a fire making use of the one man and team approach. 实际应用与一人和团体灭火方法,Introduction引言,Fire extinguishers are one of the most common fire protection appliances in use today. It is widely available and is found in fixed facilities and on fire apparatus. It is quick and easy to operate and is exc
7、ellent in extinguishing a fire in the incipient phase.灭火器是目前最常用的防火设备之一，可以从各种渠道获得，并在固定设施和消防器材里都可找到。操作起来又快又简单， 是初期火灾的极好选择。 1. What is Combustion?什么是燃烧？1.1 Combustion is a continuous chemical reaction known as oxidation. Oxidation is also known as rust. Rust is a very slow oxidation process.燃烧是一种持续的化学反
8、应，称为氧化。氧化又称为生锈。生锈是一种非常缓慢的氧化过程。 1.2 Definition of combustion燃烧的定义 Combustion is a very rapid, continuous chemical chain reaction, which emits light and heat.燃烧是一种非常快速的，持续的化学链式反应，它会发出光和热。 Now we have a flame but this flame needs four basic elements for its existence:(Tetrahedron of combustion.)现在，我们有一
9、种火焰，但这种火焰的存在需要四个基本要素： （燃烧四面体）,Introduction continue引言 续,Tetrahedron of combustion燃烧四要素 The four elements needed for combustion are燃烧所需的四要素是 oxygen氧气 Heat热量 Fuel燃料 Continuos chemical chain reaction 持续的化学链式反应 Oxygen氧气 ： Combustion is a oxidation process燃烧是一种氧化过程 Oxygen is needed for oxidation氧气是氧化所需 F
10、ire needs oxygen火需要氧气 Oxygen is in the atmosphere大气里有氧气 Oxygen does not burn but it support combustion 氧不燃烧，但它支持燃烧 Heat热量： All fuels give off vapour所有的燃料都会释放出蒸气 By adding heat to the fuel evaporation is increased 通过给燃料加热，蒸发量提高 The vapour burns and not the fuel 蒸气燃烧，而不是燃料燃烧,Introduction continue引言 续,
11、FUEL 燃料： Fuel comes in 3 forms燃料有三种形式： SolidsLiquids Gasses( Fumes) 固体液体 气体 WoodPetrol LPG 木材 汽油 液化石油气 PaperDiesel Acetylene 纸张 柴油 乙炔 Plastics HTM/HFO Methane 塑料 传热介质/重燃料油 甲烷 Chemical reaction 化学反应 ： Any flame needs a continuous chemical reaction for its existence. Interference with it will cause th
12、e flame to die. Thats how a DCP (Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher) extinguish a fire. 任何火焰的存在都需要持续的化学反应。干扰-它会导致火焰熄灭。这就是DCP(干粉灭火器)为什么能灭火的原因。,Content内容,1. Objectives目标 2. Introduction引言 3. Principle of extinguishing fires 灭火器原理 4. Combustion Versus explosion 火灾与爆炸 5. Portable fire extinguishers便携式灭火器 6. O
13、perating a DCP Fire extinguisher 操作干粉灭火器 P. A. S. S 法 7. Operating a CO2 Fire extinguisher 操作二氧化碳灭火器 P. A. S. S. 法 8. Practical use & extinguishing a fire making use of the one man and team approach. 实际应用与一人和团体灭火方法,Principle of extinguishing a fire灭火原理,To extinguish a flame, one of the components fr
14、om the tetrahedron of combustion must be removed. To achieve this one of the following can be done. 要熄灭火焰的话，必须去除燃烧四面体组成部分之一。为了实现这一目标，可以执行下列操作之一。 Cooling冷却法： All elements burn provided enough heat is applied. Our aim is to lower the temperatures below that specific temperature needed to produce a fla
15、me.所有要素的燃烧都要提供足够的热量。我们的目标就是把火焰燃烧所需的特定温度降低。 Starvation 饥饿法： Removal of combustibles in the close proximity of the fire or the removal of fire from other combustible materials.移除靠近火的可燃物或者灭掉其他可燃材料上的火。 Smothering窒息法： Removing of oxygen from the fire area在火灾区域断氧。 This is accomplished by:通过以下来完成： Introduc
16、ing an inert gas by using Carbon Dioxide or separating the fuel from oxygen by using foam.通过使用二氧化碳来引入惰性气体或者通过使用泡沫把燃料和氧气隔绝。 Chemical reaction化学反应法： The only way to interact chemically with a fire is to introduce a chemical powder to it normal Dry chemical powder (DCP)唯一的途径就是与火发生相互的化学影响，即引入化工粉末至正常干粉（DCP）,Fires world wide are grouped into four classes 全球性的火灾分为四类。 In order to be able to select and use the correct extinguishing agent, a fire must be identified according to its class. 为了能够选择和使用正确的灭火剂，
