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1、枣庄 46 中高中英语主谓一样一）主谓一样的种类1语法形式上的一样主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式；如：The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2意义上一样1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；如： 单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, police, cattle 等；2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数；如：The crowd were shouting.The news was so surprising.形复意单的单
2、词有news 和一些以 ics 结尾的学科名称，如3就近原就即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语；如用连词physics，politics, economics 等；or ，eitheror, neithernot, not onlybu等t a连ls接o的并列主语，假如一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一样；如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.（二）主谓一样的应用1名词作主语1）某些集体名词，如family, team 等作主语时，假如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，假如就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式
3、；如：His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV .这类名词有： audience，class，club ，company，crew，enemy，crowd ，government ，group，party，public ，team 等；名词 population 一词的使用情形类似； “a group(crowd) of +复数名词 ”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分；2）某些集体名词，如people, police, cattle 等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必需用复数；如：Th
4、e police are searching for the thief. 3）单、复数同形的名词主语时，谓语动词应依据意义打算单、复数；如： A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.4）名词全部格之后的名词被省略，这种情形一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数；如：The doctor s is across the street.My uncle s is not far from here.常见的省略名词有：the baker s, the barbers, the carpenters,等th；e Zhangs表示店
5、铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数；如：Richardson s haveoat olf goods to sell.5）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以依据意义一样的原就，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式；如：Three years has passed since then.6）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以 Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.and 或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式；如：7）假如主语有more t
6、han one或 many a构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式；如：More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there.但是， “more +复数名词 +than one ”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式；如：More members than one are against your plan.枣庄 46 中8）一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，例如： glasses, clothes, trousers,谓语动词通常用复数形式，shoes, compasses,
7、chopsticks, scissors等；但假如主语用 “ a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词 ”构成时， 谓语动词一般用单数形式；如：A pair of shoes was on the desk.9）this kind of book =a book of this kind （这种书），其谓语动词用单数；短语 this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men( 口语 )（这一类人），但 this kind of men 的谓语动词用单数， men of this kind 和 these
8、 kind of men 的谓语动词用复数， all kinds of 后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；如：This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous.10）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一样原就，作用单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数；这类名词有： means（方法），works （工厂），species（种类），Chinese，Japanese等；如：The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. ( 这家玻璃厂建于1980 年； )The（ These
9、）glass works are near the railway station. （这些玻璃厂在火车站邻近；）当它们前面有a, such a , this, that修饰时，谓语用单数； 有 all, such, these, those修饰时，谓语用复数，但 means, no means,the means 等词前没有以上修饰词时，可用作单数，也可用作复数；11）假如名词词组中心词是all，most, half, rest 等词语， 所指的复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之， 用单数； 如：All of my classmates like music. All of the wate
10、r is gone.12) 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一样；如：Between the two windows hangs a picture. 2由连接词连接的名词作主语1）用 and 或 bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；如：Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.但是，并列主语假如指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and 后面的名词没有冠词；如：Truth and honesty is the best policy.The g
11、irl s teacher and friend is a young doctor.To love and to be loved is great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table.2）当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except,besides, incl
12、uding, in addition to 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数而定；如：The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.）以 or, either一样的原就；如：or, neithernor, not onlyb等ut连al接so的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应依据就近Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room. Either you or he is to go.3代词作主语1）名词性物主代词作主语时，既可以用作单数，也可以用作复数，这取决于它
13、所代替的是单数仍是复数；如： Ours (Our Party) is a great party.Your shoes are black, and mine(=my shoes) are brown.2） such, the same起指示代词作用时，应依据其所指的内容来打算单、复数；如： Such is our plan. Such are his words.3）关系代词who, that, which 等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一样；如：Those who want to go please put up your hands.枣庄 46 中Some of
14、 the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.4）疑问代词who, what, which 作主语时，谓语动词可依据说话人所要表达的意思打算单、复数；如：Who lives next door . It is Xiao Liu. Who live next door . It is Zhang and Liu. What produce(s) heat .5）不定代词any, either, neither, none, all some, more 等作主语时，有以下两种情形：单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词用单数或复数形式，例如：
15、Now all has been changed. All are present. either, neither 单独作主语时，谓语通常用单数；但后接 of 时，如 of 的宾语为不行数名词，动词当然用单数形式，如数，也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用；如：of 的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单Do(es) any of you know his address . None of them has(have)seen the film. 4分数、量词作主语1） “分数或百分数 +名词 ”构成的短语以及由 “ a lot of, lots of plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名of 后面的名词的数保持一样，这是由于短语中后面的名词是中心词，词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中而短语中前面的量词是修饰语，例如：Lots of damage was caused by fir
