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1、Unit 2 Exploring English1、Starting out & Understanding ideas- 1 -2、Using language- 13 -3、Developing ideas- 24 -1、Starting out & Understanding ideasAmerican and British EnglishAmerican and British English spelling differences are one aspect of American and British English differences. In the early 18
2、th century, English spelling was not standardized. Differences became noticeable after the publishing of influential dictionaries. Current British English spellings follow, for the most part, those of Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language (1755). Many of the new characteristic American
3、English spellings were introduced, although not, for the most part, created, by Noah Webster in his American Dictionary of the English Language of 1828. Webster was a strong proponent of spelling reform for reasons both philological and nationalistic. Many spelling changes proposed in the US by Webs
4、ter himself, and in the early 20th century by the Simplified Spelling Board, never caught on. Among the advocates of spelling reform in England, the influences of those who preferred the Norman (or Anglo-French) spellings of certain words proved decisive. Subsequent spelling adjustments in the UK ha
5、d little effect on present-day US spelling, and vice versa(反之亦然). While in many cases American English deviated in the 19th century from mainstream British spelling, on the other hand it has also often retained older forms. The spelling systems of Commonwealth countries, for the most part, closely r
6、esemble the British system. In Canada, however, while most spelling is “British”, many “American” spellings are also used. Additional information on Canadian and Australian spelling is provided throughout the article. 词海拾贝1. noticeable adj. 明显的, 显著的2. proponent n. 倡导者3. deviate v. 偏离; 脱离4. retain vt
7、. 保留5. resemble vt. 像我学我思1. catch on变得流行2. have little effect on对影响很小3. on the other hand另一方面4. What does the passage mainly tell us? It tells us the spelling differences between American and British English. 5. What is the current British English spelling mainly influenced by? Samuel Johnsons Dicti
8、onary of the English Language (1755). 6. Who brought many spelling changes in the US? Webster. . 必备单词: 根据提示填写单词1. the title of the passage这篇文章的题目2. sculpt a sculpture by hand手工雕刻一座雕像3. a unique work of art一件独一无二的艺术作品4. a smoke alarm一个烟雾警报器5. reflect the creativity of the human race反映人类的创造力6. a very
9、creative student一个很有创造力的学生create (v. ) a new product 创造一个新产品7. have the opposing view持有相反的看法oppose (v. ) changing the law反对改变这条法规8. shameful behavior可耻的行为behave (v. ) like a true gentleman举止像个真正的绅士9. confusing instructions on the box盒子上令人困惑的用法说明confuse (v. ) quantity with quality混淆数量和质量feel confused
10、 (adj. ) 感到困惑10. clearly visible清晰可见invisible (adj. ) wings 隐形的翅膀. 必备短语: 英汉双译1. have trouble doing做某事有困难2. speaking of说起; 说到3. for example例如4. the number of的数量5. burn up/down 烧毁6. around the world 全世界7. fill in/out 填充; 填写8. wind up 给(机械)上发条; 使(活动、会议等)结束. 必备句式: 翻译课文原句, 并观察黑体部分1. This made me realize
11、that theres no egg in eggplant either. 译文: 这让我意识到了eggplant(茄子)里也没有egg(鸡蛋)。2. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. 译文: Pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。3. That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 译文: 那就是为什么星星出来时是看得见的, 灯灭了是看不见
12、的。根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。1. 动词+ -ive后缀构成形容词create+-ivecreative 创造(性)的attractattractive有吸引力的 actactive 活跃的; 积极的relaterelative 相关的2. “动词 + up”构成短语, 表示结束finish up 完成drink up 喝干eat up 吃光use up 用光框架宏观建构: 整体理解1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks2. The author writes the passage to tell us how interesting an
13、d creative the language of English is. 文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)The first paragraph is intended to _. A. introduce English is interesting and creativeB. tell us English is difficult to learnC. direct our attention to the word formationD. lead to the topic of discussion(2)The author
14、develops the text by _. A. stating argumentsB. making comparisonsC. giving examplesD. providing research results(3)Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. When we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus! B. When we look out
15、of the window and see rain or snow, we can say “its raining” or “its snowing”. C. When we see sunshine, we can say “its sunshining”. D. When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, you cant read it as the “who” in “Whos that? ”答案: (1)(3)DCC2. Long sentence analysis. (1)I hadnt(主句), until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger. (until引导时间状语从句, whether引导宾语从句)译文: 我没有, 直到有一天, 我五岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡包)里是否有ham(火腿)。(2)You (主语)also h
