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1、2019年考研英语一真题Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smartphones.1 of us jus
2、t walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize.3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you4 cant find north, we have a few tricks to help you navigate5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land.When you find y
3、ourself 6 a trail, but not in a completely7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you sho
4、uld10 see signs of people.If youve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights you may be11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to1
5、4 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of lightpollution.18, assuming youre lost in an area humans
6、 tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can20 you tocivilization.9.1. ASome2. Aput3. ASince4. AformallyB MostB takeB IfB relativelyC FewC runC ThoughC graduallyD AllD comeD UntilD literally5. A backB nextC aroundD away6. A ontoB off
7、C acrossD along7. A unattractiveB uncrowdedC unchangedD unfamiliar8. A siteB pointC wayD place9. A SoB YetC InsteadD Besides10. A immediatelyB intentionallyC unexpectedlyD eventually11. A surprisedB annoyedC frightenedD confused12. A problemB optionC viewD result13. A Above allB In contrastC On aver
8、ageD For example14. A bridgeB avoidC spotD separate15. A fromB throughC beyondD under16. A postsB linksC shadesD breaks17. A artificialB mysteriousC hiddenD limited18. A FinallyB ConsequentlyC IncidentallyD Generally19. A memoriesB marksC notesD belongings20. A restrictB adoptC leadD exposeSectionRe
9、ading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year
10、, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions. Yet officials also hope for
11、 a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making, not only by banks but by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of Englands top economist, Andrew Haldane. H
12、e quotes a giant of classical economics, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and B
13、ritain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism.”In addition
14、, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shorter attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Sec
15、urities and Exchange Commission in a speech thisweek.In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay
