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1、 2001 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, andD. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening thecorresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The gov
2、ernment is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up peopleinvolved in prominent casesIn a significantintroduce athe amount ofIn a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord1the trial of Rosemary West.of legal controls over the press, L
3、ord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, willbill that will propose making payments to witnesses and will strictly controlthat can be given to a case a trial begins.23456Irvine said he7with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not8sufficient control.9of the letter came two days a
4、fter Lord Irvine caused a10 of media protest when hesaid the 11 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judgesParliament.12 toThe Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 13 the EuropeanConvention on Human Rights legally 14 in Britain, laid dow
5、n that everybody wasprivacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.15to“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 16Witness payments became an 17 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for tell
6、ing their stories to newspapers. Concernsour British judges,” he said.were raisedverdicts.19 witnesses might be encouraged exaggerate their stories in court to20guilty- 1 - 1.Aas toBfor instance Cin particularBintensifying CfocusingDsuch asDfasteningDdraft2.Atightening3.AsketchBroughBillegalBpenalty
7、BifCpreliminaryCimprobableCpopularityCbefore4.Aillogical5.Apublicity6.AsinceDimproperDpeculiarityDas7.AsidedBsharedBofferCcompliedCmanifestDagreedDindicateDExposureDflash8.Apresent9.ARelease10.Astorm11.Atranslation12.Abetter than13.Achanges14.Abinding15.Aauthorized16.AwithBPublication CPrintingBrage
8、 CflareBinterpretation CexhibitionDdemonstrationDsooner thanDturnsBother thanBmakesCrather thanCsetsBconvincing CrestrainingDsustainingDqualifiedDbyBcreditedBtoCentitledCfrom17.Aimpact18.Astated19.AwhatBincidentBremarkedBwhenCinferenceCsaidDissueDtoldCwhichCensureDthat20.AassureBconfideDguaranteeSec
9、tion Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answersmarked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of thequestions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening
10、 the corresponding letterin the brackets. (40 points)- 2 - Text 1Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientificknowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units，one man could continue to handle theinformation and use it as the basis
11、 for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series ofrelated developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growingprofessionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptio
12、nscan be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the personconcerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully shareits values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirem
13、ent of alonger, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. Thetrend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical orlaboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the UnitedKin
14、gdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simplyan increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutesan acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represe
15、ntedworthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasinglybecome acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geologicalpicture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overal
