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1、七年级下册语法归纳（一）情态动词一、Can情态动词can有一定的词义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。其具体用法如下:1.表示能、会,指脑力或体力方面的能力。例如:Jim can swim, but I cant.吉姆会游泳,但我不会。2.表示可能,常用于否定句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。例如:HanMeicantbeintheclassroom.韩梅不可能在教室里。Canhecomeheretoday,please?请问他今天能到这里来吗？3.表示可以,常用于口语中,指许可或请求做某事。例如:CanIhaveacupoftea,please?请问
2、我可以喝一杯茶吗？Youcangoout.你可以出去了？情态动词can的基本句型1. 肯定句型为:主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如: They can play basketball. 他们能打篮球。2. 否定句型为:主语+cannot(cant/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示某人不能(不会。不可能)做。其中cant是cannot的缩略式,英国多写成cannot。3. 疑问句句型分为:一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示某人会(能。可以)做吗？.其肯定答语用Yes,主语+can.作答;否定答语用No,主语+cant.作答。(注意:
3、答语中作主语的人称代词,应根据问句中的主语作相应的变化。其变化规则为:第一人称问,则第二人称答;第二人称问,则第一人称答;第三人称问,第三人称答。)例如:-CanyousinganEnglishsongforus?你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗？-Yes.行。(注意在Yes后面常省略Ican)-CanIskate?我可以滑冰吗？-Yes,youcan.可以。-Cansheclimbhills?她能爬山吗?-No,shecant.不,她不能。拓展：特殊疑问句句型为:a.Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中who相当于主语。例如:-WhocansinginEnglishinyourclass?
4、你们班上谁会用英语唱歌？ -Lilycan.莉莉会。b.特殊疑问词(作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用how many,howmuch等。例如:-Howmanyboatscanyouseeintheriver?你能看见河中有多少只船吗？-Onlyoneboat.仅有一只。c.特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what,where,when等,一般用肯定陈述句作答。例如:-Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你能在图画中看到什么？-Icanseesomebirdsandtwobigtreesinit.我能看到一些
5、鸟儿和两棵大树。（中考模拟 ）Look! Someone is cutting a tree on the moon.It be true, Granny. Mum says there is no air there.A. cantB. mustnt C. mayD. should解析：根据there is no air there判断出月亮上根本不可能有人在砍树，所以表示不可能。答案选A。（中考模拟）The boy can play_chess well, but he cant play_ piano.A.the;theB.the;/ C./;theD./;/解析：play后面跟表示球类
6、（运动）的名词时，中间不用冠词the；而跟表示乐器的名词时，中间应用定冠词the。答案为C。按要求改写句子。1.I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句) 2.He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well? 3.She can play the violin.（变成一般疑问句） _ she _ the violin?4.They cant sing. They cant dance. (合并成一句) They _ sing _ dance. 5.She can sing and dance. (否
7、定句)She _ sing _ dance.keys: 1.can not;2.Can; play;3. Can ;play;4.cant; or;5cant; or二、would like 的用法would like用来表达意愿，意为“想要”，相当于want, 用法亦同want，但比want委婉。would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为d, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。用法：1） 后接名词或代词，表示具体“要”某样东西want/would like sth. 想要某物 Id like some noodles2）want/would like to do
8、 sth. 想要做某事 ，常用于有礼貌的提出邀请、请求或建议。 Id like to play the piano 我想要弹钢琴。 3）want/would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 I would like him to help me. 我想要他帮助我。4）would you like some你想要一些吗？（委婉地询问对方的要求时的用语）该句型常用于征求对方意见。特别注意该句型中要用some，而不用any，以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。 肯定回答：Yes, please. 否定回答：No, thanks. 5) Would you like to do st
9、h？你想要/愿意做某事吗？（向对方有礼貌地提出建议或邀请）该句型中like可以换成love。肯定回答：Yes, Id like/love to. 是的，我愿意。否定回答：Sorry, + 原因。或 Id love to, butWould you like to go shopping with us? 你想要/愿意和我们一起去购物吗？Yes, Id like/love to. 是的，我愿意。Sorry, I have a lot of homework to do. 对不起，我有很多作业要写。 Id love to, but I am too busy.我非常愿意，但是我太忙了。练习：1.
10、-Tim and I will visit the exhibition(展览) this weekend. Would you like to join us?-_A. Well done. B. thats right. C. youre welcome. D. Id love to.2. -Would you like some milk?-_A. Yes, please. B. The same to you. C. Help yourself. D. My pleasure.3. -Would you like some more rice?-_. I eat too much.A.
11、 No, thanks B. Yes, thank you C. Id love to D. Yes, please4. She would like her mother _ to the park with her on Sunday.A. to go B. go C. going D. goes5.-Shall we stay at home watching TV tonight? -No. Id like _ and see a film.A.to goB.goC.wentD.going （二）时态集锦一、一般现在时一般现在时：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作。标志词：alw
12、ays, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/night/ in the morningon weekends主语是第三人称单数主语不是第三人称单数肯定句主语+动词s+其他主语+动词原形+其他否定句主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他主语+dont+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Does+其他Do+主语+动词原形+其他动词第三人称单数的构成：（用于第三人称单数、可数名词的单数和不可数名词的一般现在时中）1、直接加s: looklooksreadreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x, ch, sh, o后加es: mis
13、smisses fixfixeswatchwatches washwashes gogoesdo-does3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-es: carrycarries studystudieshurryhurriescrycries4. 特殊的have has练习1.(浙江省)Ilikesoftandgentlemusic.It_nice.AissoundedBsoundedCsoundsDsounding2-Can your father drive?-Yes,he _to work every dayA. is driving B.drove C.drives D.has written3.John likes playing soccer very much and he _ about one hour playing it every day.A. spent B. will spend C. has spent D. Spends4.Although Bill isnt rich enough, he often _ money to the poor. A. will give B. was giving C. gives D. Gave5. We often_(play) in the playground.6._
