ABO 2,7,8-Trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octyl Ac Acetyl ACBZ 4-Azidobenzyloxycarbonyl ACE α-Chloroethoxycarbonyl AcHmb 2-Acetoxy-4-methoxybenzyl Acm Acetamidomethyl Ad 1-Adamantyl Adoc 1-Adamantyloxycarbonyl Adpoc 1-(1-Adamantyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl AIBN 2,2’-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) or Azobisisobutyronitrile All Allyl Alloc Alloxycarbonyl Als Allylsulfonyl AMB 2-(Acetoxymethyl)benzoyl AN 4-Methoxyphenyl or anisyl Anpe 2-(4-Acetyl-2-nitrophenyl)ethyl AO Atomic orbital AOC Allyloxycarbonyl p-AOM p-Anisyloxymrthyl or (4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl Ar Aryl atm Atmosphere ATP Adenosine 5’-triphosphate ATPase Adenosinetriphosphatase Azb p-Azidobenzyl Bam Benzamidomethyl BBA Butane-2,3-bisacetal BBn p-Bromobenzyl 9-BBN 9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane BDMS Biphenyldimethylsilyl BDT 1,3-Benzodithiolan-2-yl Bic 5-Benzisoxazolymethoxycarbonyl Bmpc 2,4-Dimethylthiophenoxycarbonyl Bmpm 1,1-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1’-pyrenylmethyl BMS Borane-methyl sulfide Bn Benzyl BOC t-Butylcarbonyl t-BOC t-Butylcarbonyl BOM Benzyloxymethyl BOP Benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate BOP-Cl N,N-Bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic bp Boiling point Bpoc 1-methyl-1-(4-biphenyl)ethoxycarbonyl Bpy 2,2’-Bipyridyl br Broad (spectral) BSA Bistrimethylsilyl acetamide Bt Benzotriazo-1-yl or 1-benzotriazolyl BTBA Benzyltributylammonium chloride Bu Butyl s-BU Sec-Butyl t-Bu tert-Butyl Bum t-Butoxymethyl t-Bumeoc 1-(3,5-Di-t-butylphenyl)-1-methylethoxycarbonyl Bz Benzoxyl oC Degree Celsius calcd Calculated Cam Carboxyamidomethyl cAMP Adenosine cyclic 3’,5’-phosphate CAN Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate Cbz Benzyloxycarbonyl CD Circular dichrosim CDI 1,1’-Carbonyldiimidazole Cee 1-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethyl CI Chemical ionization (in MS) Configuration interaction (in MO theory) CIDNP Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization cm Centmeter CMPI 2-Chloro-1-methylpyridium chloride CNDO Complete neglect of differential overlap Coc Cinnamyloxycarbonyl COD 1,5-Cyclooctadiene concd Concentrated COSY Correlation spectroscopy COT Cyclooctatetrene Cp Cyclopentadienyl CPTr 4,4’,4”-Tris(4,5-dichlorophthalimido)riphenylmethyl CSA Camphorsulfonic acid CTMP 1-[(2-Chloro-4-methyl)phenyl]-4-methoxypiperidin-4-yl Cys Cysteine δ Chemical shift in ppm d Day, doublet (spectral) DABCO 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane DAM Di(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl DAST Diethylaminosulfurtrifluoride DB-t-BOC 1,1-Dmethyl-2,2-dibromoethoxycarbonyl DBD-Tmoc 2,7-Di-t-butyl[9-(10,10-dioxo-10,10,10,10-tetrahydrothioxanthyl)methy lcarbonyl DBN 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5ene DBU 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DCC Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide DCMME Dichloromethylammonium chloride DDQ 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone de Diastereomeric excess DEAD Diethylazodicarboxylate DEIPS Diethylisopropylsilyl DEPT Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer DG Diacyl glycerol DIAD Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate DIBAH Diisobutylalumium hydride DIBAL Diisobutylaluminum hydride Dim 2-(1,3-Dithianyl)methyl DIPEA Diisopropylethylamine DIPT Diisopropyl tartrate DMAC Dimethylacetamide DMAD Diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate DMAP 4-Dimethylaminopyridine DME Dimethoxyethane DMF N,N-Dimethylformamide DMIPS Dimethylisopropylsilyl Dmoc Dithianylmethoxycarbonyl DMP Dimethylpropane Dmp Dimethylphosphinyl DMPM 3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl DMPU 1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrhydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone DMS Dimethyl sulfate DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide or methyl sulfoxide DMT Dimethoxytrityl DMTr Di(p-methoxyphenyl)phenylmethyl DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid DNB p,p’-Dinitrobenzhyrryl DNMBS 4-(4’,8’-Dimethoxynaphthylmethyl)benzenesulfonyl DNP 2,4-Dinitrophenyl Dobz p-(Dihydroxyboryl)benzyloxycarbonyl DPM Diphenylmethyl DPMS Diphenylmethylsilyl Dpp Diphenylphosphinyl DPPA Diphenylphosphoryl azide Dppe 2-(Diphenylphosphino)ethyl Dppm (Diphenyl-4-pyridyl)methyl Dpt Diphenylthiophosphinyl DTBMS Di-t-butylsilylene Dts Dithiasuccinimidyl E1 Unimolecular elimination E2 Bimolecular elimination ED50 Dose that is effective in 50% of test subjects EDC 1-Ethyl-3-(3’-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EE 1-Ethoxyethyl ee Enantiomeric excess EI Electron impact (in MS) ESR Electron spin resonance Et Ethyl FAB Fast atom bombardment (in MS) Fcm-NR2 N-Ferrocenylmethyl FD Field distortion (in MS) FG Founctional group FID Flame ionization detection or Free induced decay (in NMR) Fm 9-Fluorenylmethyl FMOC 9-Fluorenylmethylcarbamate Fp η5 FT Foutier transform g Gram GC Gas chromatography GTP Guanosine 5’-triphosphate GUM Guaiacolmethyl h Hour HCA Hexachloroacetone Hex Hexyl HMDS 1,11,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane HMO Huckel molecular orbital HMPA Hexamethylphosphoramide HMPT Hexamethylphosphoroustriamide 。