2000年-2015年专八短文改错试卷2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错WhenIwasinmyearlyteens,Iwastakentoaspectacularshowonicebythemotherofafriend.Lookedroundatheluxuryofthe1.rink,myfriend'smotherremarkedontheplush"seatswehadbeengiven.Ididnotknowwhatshemeant,andbeingproudofmy2.vocabulary,Itriedtoinferitsmeaningfromthecontext.Plush"wasclearlyintendedasacomplimentary,apositiveevaluationthat3.muchIcouldtellitfromthetoneofvoiceandthecontext.SoI4.startedtousetheword.Yes,Ireplied,theycertainlyareplush,andsoaretheicerinkandthecostumesoftheskaters,aren'tthey?Myfriend'smotherwasverypolitetocorrectme,butIcouldtellfromher5.expressionthatIhadnotgotthewordquiteright.Oftenwecanindeedinferfromthecontextwhatawordroughlymeans,andthatisinfactthewaywhichweusuallyacquireboth6.newwordsandnewmeaningsforfamiliarwords,speciallyinour7.ownfirstlanguage.Butsometimesweneedtoask,asIshouldhaveaskedforPlush,andthisisparticularlytrueinthe8.aspectofaforeignlanguage.Ifyouarecontinuallysurroundedby9.speakersofthelanguageyouarelearning,youcanaskthemdirectly,butoftenthisopportunitydoesnotexistforthelearnerofEnglish.Sodictionarieshavebeendevelopedtomendthegap.10.2014改错Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA)emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions(1)havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:(2)lIsitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthesamesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?(3)lWhatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave(4)moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?lWhatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguage?lWhatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe(5)acquisitionofadditionallanguages?lWhatsocial-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthelearningofadditionallanguages?Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall(6)theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiringofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo(7)so.Whetheronelabelsit"learning"or“acqiiongi"anaddilanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder(8)focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofanindividual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesareinvolving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning(9)oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntintheclassroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.(10)2013专八短文改错试卷.Psycho-linguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith(1)listening,reading,speaking,writing,andmemoryforlanguage.Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually(2)happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately.(3)Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonetospeaking,orlookingatthispage,(4)younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswemightbecomeawareofthecomplexity(5)involved:ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit。
ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluenced(6)theirlanguageifweobserveachildacquirelanguageif(7)wetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadultorifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeetanyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples(8)ofwhatmightbecalledlanguageinexceptionalcircumstances”revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking,(9)listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesseswerenormallysoautomatic,wealsoneedtocarryoutcareful(10)experimentstogetatwhatishappening.2012年Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst(1)centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywritersfavouredcertainkindoffree"translation:thespirit,nottheletter。
the(2)sensenotthewordthemessagerathertheformthematternot(3)themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho(4)wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19th(5)century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthatthelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage(6)wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible(7)gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe(9)extremeliteralists"WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.Theargumentwastheoretical:thepurposeofthetranslation,thenatureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)2011年专八真题改错部分Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeenandtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconsciencethatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthatsoonorlaterIshouldhavetosettledownandwritebooks.Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyears4oneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunp。