非谓语动词一、谓语动词与非谓语动词谓语动词→在句子中作谓语的动词 1) Young people often hike and they enjoy hiking very much. 2) Rose, who is an attractive girl, works in a factory and now she is working a new machine. 非谓语动词→在句子里不能作谓语的动词二、非谓语动词是什么样子呢？它以三种形式出现： 1. to do 2. -ving 3. –ved三、非谓语动词是动词吗？能充 当其他成分吗？是动词→所以有时态、语态的区别 1) He tried to work out the problem. 2) I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 3) The tower being repaired was put up in the Tang Dynasty.四、n, adj, adv→n(主、表、宾), adj(定), adv(状)To see is to believe. Saying is easier than doing. He loathed getting up early in the morning. He is a promising young man. Seeing a car coming, they stepped aside.考点透析一、作主语或表语 To hesitate means failure. To think of you makes me old. To know oneself is difficult. To err is human. To talk to her is to talk to a wall. To love is to be loved. To see her is to love her. To live is to do something worthwhile. Peter was to perish in a car crash and to leave a wife and 6 children.考点一（一）真正主语to do被置于句末，用it放在句首充当 形式主语。
To spend your vacation at the seaside is quite pleasure. It requires patience to be a good nurse. It takes Susan 2 hours to dress herself up each day.考点一1. It is / was + adj + of / for sb + to do It was thoughtful ______ her to come to see me when I was ill. It was nasty ______ Jim to behave like that. It is important ______ us to understand the point. It is foolish ______ her to buy the picture.考点一2. It is + n + to do N→a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, a crime, etc. It is a pity to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.考点二（二）-ving 作真正的主语，it 为形式主语。
结构为：It is + n / adj + doing sth N→no good, no use, no point, no sense, no harm, a waste of time etc. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is no good objecting. It is good playing Chinese chess after supper.考点三（三）to do与–ving (n)作主语和表语时的区别 Sending an e-mail is quite common today. To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon. My job is teaching English. My today’s job is to teach you how to learn English well.考点透析二、作宾语 常用to do作宾语的词有afford、attempt、continue、 dare、decide、decline、endeavor、hesitate、hope、 intend、prepare、pretend、tend、venture、want、 volunteer等。
I can’t afford to live in a detached house. Peter failed to pass the final exam.考点一（一）用it作形式宾语，真正宾语to do 常用该结构的动词有：find、feel、believe、make、 consider等 I found it interesting to play snooker. Do you consider it better not to go?考点二（二）作but / except的宾语，注意要不要to There is no choice but to wait and see. He did nothing but play PC games every day.考点三（三）英语中，有的动词或词组后面必须+doing形式 ，不能接to do 如：avoid、admit、advocate、enjoy、feel like、 escape、risk、have difficulty / trouble / problem (in) doing、can’t help doing sth等。
The girl avoid giving her any personal info. Do you feel like going to the movie? We had difficulty in carrying out the plan.考点四（四）to是不定式？还是介词？ be / get used / accustomed to doing、be opposed to 、devote oneself to、get down to、look forward to、 object to、stick to、take to等 I am looking forward to seeing you again. My uncle took to smoking years ago.考点透析三、作宾补 结构为：v + sb + to do常见的动词有：advise、ask 、compel、direct、enable、expect、force、 tell、 want、urge、persuade等 Tell the kids not to play on the street. He likes his wife to dress well.高频考点使役动词 + sb + do sth 感官动词 + sb + do/doing We must have someone repair the computer. She smell sth burning and saw smoke rising. If she catches me reading her diary, she’ll be furious. I saw him swim in the river yesterday. I saw him swimming in the river yesterday.考点透析四、作定语 to do作定语需要后置。
sth to eat water to drink There is no need to wake him up. Did you have a proper reason to say so? She was the only person to get a scholarship.考点一如果to do和它前面的修饰词是动宾关系，不定式是vi ，或是工作对象、工具等，这时不定式后需要相应的 介词 He is looking for a room to live __. Please give me a knife to cut __. She bought a bookshelf to put her books __. He has a kid to take care __. She can find no one to make friends __. He lent me a book to kill time __.考点透析五、作状语 1、表目的 We eat to live. To save the child, he laid down his life. Hurry up so as not to be late for the class. 2、表结果（learn、find、see、hear etc.） He survived the crash only to die in the desert. He studied hard only to fail. They parted never to see each other.考点透析六、-ving (adj) / -ved 1、区别：现在分词表主动；过去分词表被动。
现在分 词表进行；过去分词表完成 a touching / moving story a touched / moved audience the rising sun / a charming girl the risen sun / a charmed girl the changing world / developing countries the changed world / developed countries考点透析2、功能 1）作表语 The music is pleasing to the ear. He became discouraged. He got promoted. The news was disappointing.考点透析2）作宾补 She smelt sth burn. He’s happy to see her old mother take good care of at home. I want this watch repair at once.考点透析3）作定语a）单个分词作定语前置Boiling water, a grown-up daughter, an escaped prisonerb）分词短语作定语要后置I saw a group of students return from the school.Most of the young teachers work in this university are Ph.D.Do you k。