汉语存在句的英译

汉语存在句的英译 汉语存在句的类型汉语存在句有两个类型：1 1、有、有 + + 名词名词/ /短语短语 + + 附加语附加语（动词/形容词/主谓结构短语等）2 2、时地语、时地语 + + 有有 + + 名词（短语）名词（短语）+ + 附加语附加语或 时地语时地语 + + 存在动词存在动词 + + 名词（短语）名词（短语） 1 1、有、有+ +名词名词/ /短语短语+ +附加语（动词附加语（动词/ /形容词形容词/ /主谓结构短语等）主谓结构短语等）1）有许多机会他们没有利用好有许多机会他们没有利用好There are many opportunities they have not taken well.2）有一只猫爱上了一个青年，恳求爱神维纳斯把她变成个姑娘，好得到他的爱慕有一只猫爱上了一个青年，恳求爱神维纳斯把她变成个姑娘，好得到他的爱慕 There is a cat having fallen in love with a young man, who beseeches Venus to change her into a girl, in the hope of gaining his affection. 1 1、有、有+ +名词名词/ /短语短语+ +附加语（动词附加语（动词/ /形容词形容词/ /主谓结构短语等）主谓结构短语等）3）既然没有地方坐一坐，只好慢慢地走吧。

既然没有地方坐一坐，只好慢慢地走吧With no place to sit, he had best walk slowly on. 4）有机会就抓住，不能迟疑有机会就抓住，不能迟疑Grab off the opportunity, don’t hesitate. 2 2、时地语、时地语+ +有有+ +名词（短语）名词（短语）+ +附加语附加语 或或 时地语时地语+ +存在动词存在动词+ +名词（短语）名词（短语）1）中国四川省有座峨眉山，山顶上有个舍身崖中国四川省有座峨眉山，山顶上有个舍身崖 On the summit of Mt. Emei, located in China’s Sichuan province, there is precipice called the cliff of sacrifice. 2）在游廊的最左端，靠近一道门，却坐有一位将近三十岁的男子在游廊的最左端，靠近一道门，却坐有一位将近三十岁的男子 Close by a door at the extreme left of the veranda sat a man of about thirty. 2 2、时地语、时地语+ +有有+ +名词（短语）名词（短语）+ +附加语附加语 或或 时地语时地语+ +存在动词存在动词+ +名词（短语）名词（短语）3）荔枝林深处，隐隐露出一个白屋，那是温泉公社的养蜂场。

荔枝林深处，隐隐露出一个白屋，那是温泉公社的养蜂场 From deep in the lychee trees peeped the corner of white house where the Hotspring Commune kept their bees. 4）车厢里先探出个头来，紫酱色的一张方脸，浓眉毛，圆眼睛车厢里先探出个头来，紫酱色的一张方脸，浓眉毛，圆眼睛 From the window of the car struck out cautiously a head with a square, pimply, purplish face, thick eyebrows and round eyes. 5）河畔长着青草绿树河畔长着青草绿树The grass and trees are green by the riverside.6）今天下午有球赛，棋逢对手，一定精彩今天下午有球赛，棋逢对手，一定精彩 This afternoon’s ball game is sure to be an exciting one, for the two sides are well-matched. ）这两天我们大院里又透着热闹，出了人命。

这两天我们大院里又透着热闹，出了人命 A pretty kick-up has been the order of the day again in our compound lately, for a life has been lost. 试评析山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫“黄龙古寺”寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被 碳酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认原译：原译：On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644). A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erected behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable. 山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫，名叫“黄龙古寺黄龙古寺”。

寺前有一溶洞寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测深邃莫测寺后有一石峰寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被碳，除碑檐外，几乎被碳 酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认原文通过原文通过“山谷顶端山谷顶端”~“古寺古寺”、、“寺前寺前”~“溶洞溶洞”、、“寺后寺后”~“石碑石碑”~“碑檐碑檐”、、“碑文碑文”等一系列的等一系列的“主题主题-说明说明”结构，将古结构，将古 寺的方位及其周围的事物交代得一清二楚，空间关系十分明确寺的方位及其周围的事物交代得一清二楚，空间关系十分明确On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erected behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable.译文虽然把原文的每一事物也做了详细交代，译文虽然把原文的每一事物也做了详细交代，但由于断句不当且频频更换主语，使得译文的空间关系有些凌乱但由于断句不当且频频更换主语，使得译文的空间关系有些凌乱。

表达时不仅要注意句子内部成分的意义是否忠实无误，还要特别重视各成分之间的语义关系是否也正确无误，这就要表达时不仅要注意句子内部成分的意义是否忠实无误，还要特别重视各成分之间的语义关系是否也正确无误，这就要 依靠词序安排及对句子主语的选择建议改译如下：依靠词序安排及对句子主语的选择建议改译如下：山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫，名叫“黄龙古寺黄龙古寺”寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被碳寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测寺后有一石峰，除碑檐外，几乎被碳 酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认原：原：On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erected behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable.改：改：On top of the hill stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) structure for a Taoist retreat. In front of the monastery is a karst cave of infinite depth, and behind it stands a stone tablet, all but the top having been eroded by calcium carbonate and the inscriptions on the tablet hardly distinguishable.①①沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。

沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路②②这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少有人走，夜晚更加寂寞这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少有人走，夜晚更加寂寞③③荷塘四面，长着许荷塘四面，长着许 多树，翁翁郁郁的多树，翁翁郁郁的④④路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树⑤⑤没有月亮的晚上，这路上阴森森的有些怕人没有月亮的晚上，这路上阴森森的有些怕人 ⑥⑥今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的① A path paved with coal-dust zigzags along the lotus pond so secluded as to be little frequented in the daytime, to say nothing of its loneliness at night. ② Around the pond grows profusion of luxuriant trees. ③ On one side of the path are some willows and other trees whose names are unknown to me. ④ On moonless nights, the place has a gloomy, somewhat forbidding appearance. ⑤⑤ But on this particular evening, had a cheerful outlook, though the moon was pale. 2011浙江大学翻译硕士回忆版 -1 月 15 日下午 翻译硕士基础第一大题均为选择题 1. backyard chat 2.问 Bob,Tom,Gray,Christine 哪一个是“she“3.写了一个句子，让你选择美国总统任期几年4. cancer （ ） 选择 doctor, physician, oculist，surgeon 5. Whatever you do, do not tell( ) 选择 US Petroleum , UK Petroleum , CN Petroleum 等第二大题为阅读题，共三篇，篇幅较长。

内容均是 news第一篇讲巴以问题 5 选择 第二篇讲杭州和台湾旅游 5 选择 第三篇讲美国，欧洲应对潜在恐怖袭击 5 个回答问题第三大题作文 Which will you select, MT。