Section AGrammar Focus Translate the phrases.outside the window have fun next-door neighbor at first run away feel uneasy have no idea have fun (in) doing sth. 在窗外在窗外玩得高玩得高兴隔壁邻居隔壁邻居最初；最初； 首先首先逃跑逃跑心神不安心神不安一点不知道；一点不知道； 没办法没办法 做某事很愉快做某事很愉快 --- Whose volleyball is this?--- It must be Carla’s. She loves volleyball.--- Whose book is this?--- It must be Mary’s. J.K. Rowling is her favorite writer.--- Whose hair band is this?--- It could be Mei’s. Read the sentences below, paying attention to the colored parts. --- Whose notebook is this?--- It must be Ming’s. It has her name on it.--- Whose French book is this?--- It could be Carol’s. She studies French.--- Whose guitar is this?--- It might belong to Alice. She plays the guitar.--- Whose T-shirt is this?--- It can’t be John’s. It is too small for him.Read more sentences. mustcan’tcouldmight100%probably true20%-80%possibly true0almost not true 表示推测的情态动词表示推测的情态动词 在英语中，表示对某件事物的确定程度，在英语中，表示对某件事物的确定程度，即表示推测的时候，我们通常会用到以下即表示推测的时候，我们通常会用到以下情态动词情态动词: must, might, could, may, can’t, couldn’t。
一一. can和和could的区别和用法的区别和用法 1. can表示体力和脑力方面的能力表示体力和脑力方面的能力, 或根据客或根据客观条件能做某种动作的观条件能做某种动作的“能力能力” Can you speak English？ ？ can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的话人的 “猜测猜测”或或 “不肯定不肯定” Can the news be true？？ (在日常会话中在日常会话中, can可代替可代替may表示表示“允允许许”, may比较正式比较正式) 2. could 是是 can的过去式的过去式, 表示过去有过的能力表示过去有过的能力和可能性和可能性, 还有怀疑和不肯定的意思还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和在否定和疑问句中疑问句中)•She couldn’t skate when she was five years old. （能力）（能力）•At that time we thought the story could be true. （可能性）（可能性） could用来提问用来提问, 是有礼貌的请求是有礼貌的请求 Could.... Please? 语气较为婉转。
语气较为婉转 Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? 二二. might和和may的区别和用法的区别和用法: 1. may的用法的用法: a. 表示表示”允许允许”或或”请求请求” May I come in？？ 在使用这一用法时需注意在使用这一用法时需注意: may表示表示“允许允许”的否定形式是的否定形式是must not, 意思是意思是“不应该、不应该、不许可不许可” —May I take this book out of the reading room? —No, you mustn’t. b. 表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“或或许许”或或“可能可能”发生 He may know the answer.c. may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望 May you succeed. 祝你成功祝你成功 May you have a pleasant journey. 一路平安一路平安。
2. might的用法的用法: a. might可以代替可以代替may, 表示现在时间的动表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定作，但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定 Might I offer a suggestion？？ b. might用来表示现在时间时用来表示现在时间时, 还可表示还可表示”规劝规劝” You might pay more attention to spoken English. 三三. must与与have to的区别的区别 have to比较强调客观需要比较强调客观需要, must着重说着重说明主观看法，另外明主观看法，另外have to能用于更多时态能用于更多时态比较下面的句子：比较下面的句子： My brother was seriously ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. (客观上需要做这件事客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. （主观上要做这件事）（主观上要做这件事） 有时两者都可以用有时两者都可以用, 意思差别不大。
意思差别不大 We must / have to leave now. must在表示说话人对事物的推测时，它在表示说话人对事物的推测时，它比比may肯定得多肯定得多, 相当于汉语的相当于汉语的“一定一定”或或“准是准是”只有在肯定句中能这样用只有在肯定句中能这样用) This must be your room. 在回答由在回答由must引起的问题时引起的问题时, 如果是否如果是否定的答复，不能用定的答复，不能用mustn’t, 而需要用而需要用needn’t或或don’t have to, 因为因为mustn’t是是“一定不要一定不要”的意思，表示禁止的意思，表示禁止 -- Must I hand in my homework now? -- No, you needn’t. 情态动词表示推测可以分为以下几种情况情态动词表示推测可以分为以下几种情况: ★★情态动词情态动词+ do 此结构表示对现在或将来情况的推测和判断此结构表示对现在或将来情况的推测和判断 —Do you know where she is now? —I think she might travel in Beijing. ★★情态动词情态动词+ be doing 此结构表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况的此结构表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况的推测和判断。
推测和判断 At this moment, my father can’t be working in the office. ★★情态动词情态动词+ have done 此结构表示对过去情况的推测和判断此结构表示对过去情况的推测和判断 The road is wet. It must have rained last night. ★★情态动词情态动词+ have been doing 此结构表示对过去正在进行的情况的推测此结构表示对过去正在进行的情况的推测和判断 Your mother must have been looking for you at that moment. 根据句意根据句意, 从方框中选择正确的情态动词填从方框中选择正确的情态动词填空空, 每项限用一次每项限用一次 should, must, can’t, may not, mustn’t1. That ______ be Lucy. She has gone to Beijing on business.2. There _________ be something wrong with my watch. It isn’t working now.can’tmust 3. He ________ know the answer, either. Let’s ask that policeman. 4. You _______ swim in the river. It’s dangerous. 5. You ________ look after your parents when they become older. It’s your duty. may notmustn’tshould 用用must, might, could或或can’t 填空填空1.The toy car _______ be Jim’s. He is the only kid at the picnic. 2. This Mp5 _______ be Linda’s. I know she has one.3. The mobile phone _______ belong to Lucy or Lily. They both have mobile phones. 4. The man _______ be Mr Smith. He has gone to Shanghai and he’ll be back in three days. mustcould / mightcould / mightcan’t 4a Choose the best way to complete each sentence using the words in brackets. The keys:might becould becould becan becould be 1.A: Many people are wearing coats. B: The weather must be _______________.2. A: Sally has been coughing a lot. B: She might be _______________________.3. A: This restaurant is always crowded. B: The food _______________.4. A: Whenever I try to read this book, I feel sleepy. B: It can’t ___________________________.4b Complete these responses.might becould becould becould be Look at the two rooms below. Make guesses about the owner of each room. 【【浙江湖州浙江湖州】】 — Who’s singing in the next room? — It ____ be her. She has gone to New York. A. can’t B. must C. shouldn’t D. can【【解析解析】】考查情态动词表推测。
表示否定推测考查情态动词表推测表示否定推测时，用时，用can’t，意为，意为“一定不一定不……”must表示表示推测时，意为推测时，意为“一定一定……”，用于肯定句；根，用于肯定句；根据答语据答语“她已经去了纽约她已经去了纽约”可知是否定推测，可知是否定推测，故选故选A 【【2011湖北黄冈湖北黄冈】】41. —Whose T - shirt is this?—It ______ be John' s. It’s ______ small for him. A. can't; much too B. can't; too much C. mustn't; much too D. mustn't; too much【【解析解析】】情态动词的用法根据句意情态动词的用法根据句意“它不可它不可能是约翰的，对他来说太小了能是约翰的，对他来说太小了故排除故排除C、、D，，too much为为“太多太多”的意思，的意思，much too为为“太太” 【【2013天津天津】】— Where are you going this month? — We______ go to Xiamen, but we're not sure. A. needn’t B. must C. might D. mustn't【【解析解析】】 needn’t (不必不必)表建议；表建议； must (一一定定)表猜测的可能性很大；表猜测的可能性很大； might (可能，也可能，也许许)表不是很肯定的猜测。
表不是很肯定的猜测 mustn't(不允许不允许)表命令句意：表命令句意：---这个月你们将去哪？这个月你们将去哪？---我我们或许去厦门，但还不确定们或许去厦门，但还不确定C 【【2013福建泉州福建泉州】】--- Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?--- Not yet. We _______ go to Qingdao. It's a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must【【解析解析】】句意：句意：--- 你已经决定到哪里过暑假你已经决定到哪里过暑假了吗？了吗？--- 还没有呢，我们也许去青岛，那是还没有呢，我们也许去青岛，那是个度假的好地方情态动词表示推测时，个度假的好地方情态动词表示推测时，may表表“可能可能”，，must表表“一定一定”，，can’t表表“不可能不可能” A 【【2014铜仁铜仁】】— Must I water the flowers now, mum?—No, you ______. You _____ do it later. A. mustn’t; must B. mustn’t; may C. needn’t; may D. needn’t; must【【2014连云港连云港】】— ______ I know by what time you want the project to be done?—By the day after tomorrow. ______ you finish it on time? A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would C A 【【2014长沙长沙】】—Who’s singing in the garden?—It ______ be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time. A. must B. can’t C. need【【2014河北河北】】I ______ follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t A A 。