外源生长激素对水稻T-DNA插入突变体褐飞虱抗性的影响及其农艺性状测定 舒宛 王心怡 李志华 等Summary:【目的】分析外源生長激素对水稻T-DNA插入突变体褐飞虱抗性的影响,并测定其农艺性状,为突变基因介导的抗虫分子机理研究提供理论参考方法】以水稻受体中花11(ZH11)及其T-DNA插入突变体CF54为材料,利用三引物PCR鉴定出纯合突变株系,并用乙烯利(ET)、水杨酸(SA)和茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对ZH11及其纯合突变株系进行处理,测定植株上褐飞虱的蜜露分泌量和虫体增重量对ZH11及其纯合突变株系的株高、穗长、有效穗数、有效分蘖数、每穗实粒数和千粒重等农艺性状进行测定结果】从突变体CF54后代中共筛选出10个株系,其中纯合突变株系有2个,分别为CF54-6和CF54-10经ET、SA和MeJA处理后ZH11及其纯合突变株系CF54-6和CF54-10植株上褐飞虱的虫体增重量和蜜露分泌量较未处理对照显著(P<0.05,下同)或极显著(P<0.01,下同)下降,但未处理对照间均无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)经MeJA处理后,纯合突变株系CF54-6和CF54-10植株上褐飞虱的虫体增重量和蜜露分泌量较ZH11显著下降,但经SA和ET处理的纯合突变株系CF54-6和CF54-10植株上褐飞虱的蜜露分泌量和虫体增重量与ZH11无显著差异。
纯合突变株系CF54-6和CF54-10的有效分蘖数、有效穗数和千粒重与ZH11无显著差异,但株高、穗长和每穗实粒数显著或极显著高于ZH11结论】ET、SA和MeJA 3种外源生长激素均能诱导水稻野生型及其纯合突变株系植株对褐飞虱的取食与生长发育产生抑制作用,尤其是MeJA抑制效果最佳,推测纯合突变株系抗虫性受茉莉酸(JA)信号途径的影响更大T-DNA插入明显影响水稻植株的农艺性状Key: 水稻;T-DNA插入突变体;褐飞虱;抗性;茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA);乙烯利(ET);水杨酸(SA);农艺性状: S511.035.3 文献标志码: A :2095-1191(2019)02-0230-07Abstract:【Objective】The purpose was to identify the effect of growth hormone treatment on brown planthopper (BPH) resistance of rice T-DNA insertion mutants, and to detect the agronomic traits of the mutants,which could provide theoretical reference for the study of molecular mechanism of insect resistance mediated by mutant gene. 【Method】 Rice variety Zhonghua 11(ZH11) and its T-DNA insertion mutant CF54 were used as materials. Homozygous insertion mutants were identified by the tri-primers PCR method. ZH11 and its homozygous mutant were treated with ethephon(ET),salicylic acid(SA) and methyl jasmonate(MeJA)to measure the BPH honeydew secretion and the weight gain. Finally,agronomic traits,such as the plant height,spike length,effective spikes,number of productive panicles,grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight of ZH11 and the mutants were measured. 【Result】Ten lines were screened out from the offspring of mutant CF54,including two homozygous mutant lines CF54-6 and CF54-10. After ET,SA or MeJA treatments,the body weight gain and honeydew secretion of ZH11 and its homozygous mutant strains CF54-6 and CF54-10 on plants were significantly(P<0.05,the same below) or extremely(P<0.01,the same below) lower than those of untreated control,but no significant difference was detected between untreated controls(P>0.05, the same below). After treated with MeJA,the homozygous mutant lines CF54-6 and CF54-10 displayed significant reduction in BPH honeydew secretion and the weight gain comparing with ZH11. However,there was no significant difference in honeydew secretion and body weight gain between homozygous mutants CF54-6 and CF54-10 treated with SA and ET and ZH11. The productive panicles,effective spikes and 1000-grain weight of homozygous mutant lines CF54-6 and CF54-10 treated by SA and ET were not significantly different from those of ZH11. But the plant height,spike length,and grain number per spike increased significantly or extremely higher than ZH11. 【Conclusion】The three exogenous growth hormones ET,SA and MeJA can induce the inhibition of feeding and growth of BPH in wild type rice and homozygous mutant rice plants,the effects of MeJA is the optimal. It is speculated that the resistance of these two mutant lines are more affected by jasmonic acid(JA) signaling pathway. T-DNA insertion affects the agronomic traits of rice plants.Key words: rice; T-DNA insertion mutant; Nilaparvata lugens; resistance; methyl jasmonate(MeJA); ethephon (ET); salicylic acid(SA); agronomic trait0 引言【研究意义】水稻(Oryza sativa L.)是我国的第一大粮食作物,而褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)是造成水稻受害减产的最主要害虫之一(王慧等,2016)。
实践表明,抗虫水稻品种的选育是防治褐飞虱最高效、无污染的方法,构建水稻突变体库为水稻功能基因组研究及其品种选育提供了重要资源(Meng et al.,2017)因此,考察水稻相关突变体对褐飞虱的抗性,并对其农艺性状进行测定,可为抗褐飞虱新基因的发掘及新品种选育提供参考依据前人研究进展】目前,从水稻中发现并被定位的抗褐飞虱基因有35个(Wang et al.,2018),成功克隆的抗性主效基因有8个,如Bph3、Bph6、Bph9、Bphl4和Bph26等(Du et al.,2009;Liu et al.,2014;Srinivasan et al.,2015;Zhao et al.,2016;Guo et al.,2018),其可有效提高水稻对褐飞虱的抗性但利用这些抗性基因通过分子标记育种等手段培育抗褐飞虱水稻的周期相对较长,且大多数抗性品种只含有单个或少数抗褐飞虱基因,可能较难应对褐飞虱生物型变异的发生,导致水稻品种对褐飞虱的抗性逐渐下降(王海鹏等,2016)随着反向遗传学技术的发展,利用其鉴定抗性相关基因可加快对抗虫相关基因功能及其分子机理研究,从而促进水稻抗虫育种姚张良等(2014)构建了水稻OsRCI-1基因的RNAi表达载体并获得突变株系ir-rci,通过对褐飞虱生物量(初羽化体重)、发育历期、羽化数、单雌卵量和长翅型比率等多个生长发育指标的测定,结果表明,OsRCI-1基因功能沉默后水稻对褐飞虱的抗性显著增强。
郭惠民(2015)以水稻T-DNA插入突变体为研究对象,通过田间观察从11000多份纯合突变体中获得259份抗褐飞虱的突变体,并通过室内抗虫实验筛选出1个高抗褐飞虱的突变体T35此外,有研究发现外源生长激素处理对褐飞虱与水稻间的互作起着重要作用吴莹莹等(2012)研究发现,用0.25和0.50 mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理水稻品种IR26、IR36和TN1后,水稻植株对褐飞虱II生物型的抗性显著提高,由感虫水平上升至抗虫水平Guo等(2018)使用外源水杨酸(SA)和茉莉酸(JA)处理感褐飞虱水稻和携带Bph6基因的抗褐飞虱水稻,结果发现,褐飞虱的存活率明显降低,水稻植株对褐飞虱的抗性增强本研究切入点】目前鲜见以蜜露分泌量和虫体增重量为抗虫指标探讨不同外源生长激素处理对水稻突变体抗褐飞虱性影响的相关研究报道拟解决的关键问题】以水稻T-DNA插入突变体为材料,利用乙烯利(ET)、SA和MeJA对其进行处理,以蜜露分泌量和虫体增重量为抗虫指标鉴定突变体植株对褐飞虱的抗性水平,分析突变体中突变基因介导的抗性所参与的信号通路,为该基因介导的抗虫分子机理研究提供理论参考1 材料与方法1. 1 试验材料供试的水稻受体中花11(ZH11)及其T-DNA插入突变体CF54来源于华中农业大学突变体库;褐飞虱虫源来源于广西大学农场实验田并在感虫品种台中本地1号(TN1)上饲养并繁殖;SA购自索莱宝(北京)科技有限公司;MeJA购自麦克林(上海)生化科技有限公司;ET购自美国Sigma-Aldrich公司。
1. 2 纯合突变体的鉴定参照张斌和何福林(2017)的三引物PCR从水稻T-DNA插入突变体CF54中鉴定获得纯合突变株系依据T-DNA插入位点,FP为插入位点上游基因序列上的正向引物,RP为插入位点下游基因序列上的反向引物,NP为T-DNA左端侧。